Mouth self‐examination as a screening tool for oral potentially malignant disorders among a high‐risk Indigenous population

Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of mouth self‐examination (MSE) as a self‐screening tool for detection of oral mucosal lesions among an Indigenous population in Malaysia at high risk for oral premalignant and malignant disorders. Methods Two villages were selected as the sampling frame based on...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of public health dentistry Vol. 79; no. 3; pp. 222 - 230
Main Authors:	Ghani, Wan Maria Nabillah, Razak, Ishak Abdul, Doss, Jennifer Geraldine, Ramanathan, Anand, Tahir, Zaiton, Ridzuan, Nurul Anis, Edgar, Suzanna, Zain, Rosnah Binti
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-09-2019 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:	Chewing Dentistry Diagnosis, Oral Humans indigenous people Mouth Mouth Diseases Mouth Neoplasms mouth self‐examination Mucosa Oral cancer oral mucosal lesions oral potentially malignant disorders Self-Examination Tobacco indigenous people mouth self-examination oral potentially malignant disorders oral mucosal lesions
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Summary:	Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of mouth self‐examination (MSE) as a self‐screening tool for detection of oral mucosal lesions among an Indigenous population in Malaysia at high risk for oral premalignant and malignant disorders. Methods Two villages were selected as the sampling frame based on prevalence of tobacco and betel quid chewing habit. Respondents were asked to check their mouth for presence of lesion or abnormalities. Education on oral cancer, including MSE, was provided. Subsequently, respondents were asked to perform MSE. Finally, a clinical oral examination (COE) was done by a specialist and the presence of oral mucosal lesions was recorded. Results Almost 64.5 percent of respondents exhibited high levels of difficulty and low mucosal visualization and retracting ability, whereas 3.0 percent demonstrated high attention level when performing MSE. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 59.0 percent, whereas the prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) was 9.0 percent. Detection of oral lesions by respondents using MSE was lower than detection by the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity of MSE for detection of all types of lesions were 8.6 and 95.0 percent respectively. When analyzing each lesion type separately, MSE was found to be most sensitive in detection of swellings (10.0 percent), and most specific in identifying white lesions (97.8 percent). For detection of OPMDs, although specificity was high (98.9 percent), sensitivity (0 percent), and +LR (0) was poor. Conclusion MSE is not an effective self‐screening tool for early detection of potentially malignant lesions for this population.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-4006 1752-7325
DOI:	10.1111/jphd.12313