Vitamin D status in active and inactive noninfectious uveitis - data from a reference university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and disease activity in patients with noninfectious uveitis. We conducted a prospective case-control study, assessing 51 patients with noninfectious uveitis, categorized into active (n=22) and inactive (n=29) groups, alon...

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Published in:	Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia Vol. 87; no. 4; p. e2023
Main Authors:	Moraes, Henrique Maciel Vieira de, Silva, Juliana Rocha de Mendonça da, Rangel, Milena Ribeiro, Riche, Marcelle Raschik, Moraes Junior, Haroldo Vieira de
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Brazil Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia 2024
Subjects:	Adult Brazil - epidemiology Case-Control Studies Female Hospitals, University Humans Male Middle Aged OPHTHALMOLOGY Prospective Studies Sunlight Surveys and Questionnaires Uveitis - blood Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives Vitamin D - blood Vitamin D Deficiency - blood Vitamin D Deficiency - complications Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology Young Adult Brazil Eye/immunology Vitamin D deficiency Vitamin D 25-hydroxyvitamin D Immunity Uveitis
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Summary:	This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and disease activity in patients with noninfectious uveitis. We conducted a prospective case-control study, assessing 51 patients with noninfectious uveitis, categorized into active (n=22) and inactive (n=29) groups, along with 51 healthy controls. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were measured. The uveitis group also completed a questionnaire regarding sunlight exposure habits and vitamin D supplementation. Patients with inflammation-related uveitis exhibited low serum 25(OH)D levels in 68% of cases. The median 25(OH)D level in patients with active uveitis was 17.8 ng/mL (interquartile range [IQR], 15-21 ng/mL), significantly lower compared to the 31.7 ng/mL (IQR, 25-39 ng/mL) in patients with inactive uveitis (p<0.001) and the 27 ng/mL (IQR, 23-31 ng/mL) in the Control Group (p<0.001). Significantly, nearly all patients with uveitis taking vitamin D supplementation were in the Inactive Group (p<0.005). Moreover, reduced sunlight exposure was associated with active uveitis (p<0.003). Furthermore, patients with 25(OH)D levels below 20 ng/mL had ten times higher odds of developing active uveitis (p=0.001). This study revealed a prevalent 25(OH)D deficiency among patients with noninfectious uveitis and suggested a link between low 25(OH)D levels and disease activity. To prevent future episodes of intraocular inflammation, vitamin D supplementation and controlled sunlight exposure could be viable options.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0004-2749 1678-2925 1678-2925
DOI:	10.5935/0004-2749.2023-0141