Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreaks in Gabon, 1994–1997: Epidemiologic and Health Control Issues

From the end of 1994 to the beginning of 1995, 49 patients with hemorrhagic symptoms were hospitalized in the Makokou General Hospital in northeastern Gabon. Yellow fever (YF) virus was first diagnosed in serum by use of polymerase chain reaction followed by blotting, and a vaccination campaign was...

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Published in:	The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 179; no. Supplement-1; pp. S65 - S75
Main Authors:	Georges, Alain-Jean, Leroy, Eric M., Renaut, André A., Benissan, Carol Tevi, Nabias, René J., Ngoc, Minh Trinh, Obiang, Paul I., Lepage, J. P. M., Bertherat, Eric J., Bénoni, David D., Wickings, E. Jean, Amblard, Jacques P., Lansoud-Soukate, Joseph M., Milleliri, J. M., Baize, Sylvain, Georges-Courbot, Marie-Claude
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States The University of Chicago Press 01-02-1999 University of Chicago Press Oxford University Press
Subjects:	Antibodies, Viral - blood Antigens, Viral - blood Chimpanzees Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology Disease Outbreaks Ebola virus Ebolavirus - classification Ebolavirus - genetics Ebolavirus - immunology Epidemics Epidemiologic Factors Epidemiology Epidemiology and Surveillance Gabon - epidemiology Genes, Viral Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola - complications Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola - epidemiology Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola - prevention & control Humans Immunoglobulin G - blood Immunoglobulin M - blood Infections Infectious diseases Molecular Epidemiology Symptoms Time Factors Villages Viruses Yellow fever Yellow Fever - complications Yellow Fever - epidemiology Gabon Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Summary:	From the end of 1994 to the beginning of 1995, 49 patients with hemorrhagic symptoms were hospitalized in the Makokou General Hospital in northeastern Gabon. Yellow fever (YF) virus was first diagnosed in serum by use of polymerase chain reaction followed by blotting, and a vaccination campaign was immediately instituted. The epidemic, known as the fall 1994 epidemic, ended 6 weeks later. However, some aspects of this epidemic were atypical of YF infection, so a retrospective check for other etiologic agents was undertaken. Ebola (EBO) virus was found to be present concomitantly with YF virus in the epidemic. Two other epidemics (spring and fall 1996) occurred in the same province. GP and L genes of EBO virus isolates from all three epidemics were partially sequenced, which showed a difference of <0.1% in the base pairs. Sequencing also showed that all isolates were very similar to subtype Zaire EBO virus isolates from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/HXZ-MQ7D4XGX-4 Current affiliations: CHA, Lamalou les Bains, France (J.P.M.L.); IMTSSA, Le Pharo, Marseille Armées, France (E.J.B.); Ministère Affaires Etrangères, Service de l'Action Humanitaire, Paris (J.P.A.); and CBMS, Institut Pasteur, Paris (M-C.G.C.). istex:4CB895F4BD287E9E30BF28E371E008EFCF69F64E ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-1899 1537-6613
DOI:	10.1086/514290