DNA Methylation Events as Markers for Diagnosis and Management of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome

DNA Methylation Events as Markers for Diagnosis and Management of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome

During the onset and progression of hematological malignancies, many changes occur in cellular epigenome, such as hypo- or hypermethylation of CpG islands in promoter regions. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression and is a key event for tumorigenesis. The conti...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Disease markers Vol. 2017; no. 2017; pp. 1 - 14
Main Authors: Lazzaretti, Gabrielle, Reckziegel, Laura, Alves, Jayse, Dexheimer, Geórgia Muccillo, Abujamra, Ana Lucia
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01-01-2017
Hindawi
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Hindawi Limited
Subjects:
Acute myeloid leukemia
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Cancer
Care and treatment
CpG islands
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diagnosis
DNA
DNA methylation
Gene expression
Genetic transformation
Hematology
Leukemia
Leukemogenesis
Medical treatment
Methylation
Myelodysplastic syndrome
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Myeloid leukemia
Prognosis
Review
Therapeutic applications
Toxicity
Tumorigenesis
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:During the onset and progression of hematological malignancies, many changes occur in cellular epigenome, such as hypo- or hypermethylation of CpG islands in promoter regions. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression and is a key event for tumorigenesis. The continuous search for biomarkers that signal early disease, indicate prognosis, and act as therapeutic targets has led to studies investigating the role of DNA in cancer onset and progression. This review focuses on DNA methylation changes as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, response to treatment, and early toxicity in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Here, we report that distinct changes in DNA methylation may alter gene function and drive malignant cellular transformation during several stages of leukemogenesis. Most of these modifications occur at an early stage of disease and may predict myeloid/lymphoid transformation or response to therapy, which justifies its use as a biomarker for disease onset and progression. Methylation patterns, or its dynamic change during treatment, may also be used as markers for patient stratification, disease prognosis, and response to treatment. Further investigations of methylation modifications as therapeutic biomarkers, which may correlate with therapeutic response and/or predict treatment toxicity, are still warranted.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
Academic Editor: Michael Grusch
ISSN:0278-0240
1875-8630
DOI:10.1155/2017/5472893