A sustainable approach for the stability study of psychotropic substances using vitreous humor and liver as alternative matrices

A sustainable approach for the stability study of psychotropic substances using vitreous humor and liver as alternative matrices

The stability of psychotropic substances representing various drug groups important from the perspective of forensic chemistry, including benzodiazepines, antidepressants, carbamazepine, cocaine, and their selected metabolites, was investigated for 1 month in two alternative biological matrices, vit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry Vol. 414; no. 21; pp. 6355 - 6370
Main Authors: Wójtowicz, Anna, Reciak, Marcin, Nowak, Paweł Mateusz, Wietecha-Posłuszny, Renata
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-09-2022
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Analysis
Analytical Chemistry
Antidepressants
Benzodiazepines
Biochemistry
Carbamazepine
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Cocaine
Extraction (Chemistry)
Fluoxetine
Food Science
Forensic science
Laboratory Medicine
Liquid chromatography
Liver
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Metabolites
Methods
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Psychotropic drugs
Research Paper
Shelf life
Solid phase methods
Solid phases
Stability analysis
Storage conditions
Storage stability
Sustainability in (Bio-)Analytical Chemistry
Thermal storage
Variance analysis
Venlafaxine
Vitreous humor
Vitreous humour
Poland
Vitreous humor
Green analytical chemistry
Postmortem analysis
Liver
SPME/LC-MS
RGB model
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Summary:The stability of psychotropic substances representing various drug groups important from the perspective of forensic chemistry, including benzodiazepines, antidepressants, carbamazepine, cocaine, and their selected metabolites, was investigated for 1 month in two alternative biological matrices, vitreous humor and liver homogenate. Three different thermal storage conditions (−20, 4, and 20 °C) were tested. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was preceded by an effective solid-phase microextraction (SPME) procedure. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA to find significant concentration variations over time. The results obtained allowed for dividing the analytes into four groups: stable under all tested conditions, only at −20 and 4 °C, only at 20 °C, and overall unstable. Nordiazepam, venlafaxine, and cocaine and its metabolites turned out to be the most unstable substances, while fluoxetine showed the highest storage stability in both matrices. The SPME/LC-MS method was comprehensively evaluated according to the principles of white analytical chemistry (WAC), which reconcile the greenness and functionality of the method. A close to 100% whiteness score proves its sustainability and suitability for the intended application. Graphical abstract
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ISSN:1618-2642
1618-2650
DOI:10.1007/s00216-022-04064-w