Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination in Non-Infected Cardiometabolic Patients from the Americas during the COVID-19 Pandemic. A Sub-Analysis of the CorCOVID-LATAM Study

Influenza vaccination (IV) and Pneumococcus vaccination (PV) are recommended for patients with cardiometabolic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the immunization rate of ambulatory cardiometabolic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Americas. Electronic surveys were collected from 13 S...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Vaccines (Basel) Vol. 9; no. 2; p. 123
Main Authors:	Sosa Liprandi, Álvaro, Zaidel, Ezequiel José, Lopez Santi, Ricardo, Araujo, John Jairo, Baños González, Manuel Alfonso, Busso, Juan Martín, Cabral, Luz, Camilletti, Jorge, Erriest, Juan, Flores, Roberto, Forte, Ezequiel, Guzman Ramos, Mirecly, Mendez Castillo, Máxima, Ramírez Zambrano, Leonardo Josué, Roa, Carmen, Custodio-Sanchez, Piero, Solache Ortiz, Gustavo, Spitz, Bernardo, Baranchuk, Adrián
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 04-02-2021 MDPI
Subjects:	Cardiology Cardiovascular disease cardio–metabolic Congestive heart failure Coronary artery Coronary artery disease Coronary vessels Coronaviruses COVID-19 Cultural factors Diabetes Disease prevention Heart failure Immunization Influenza Influenza vaccination Metabolism Pandemics Patients pneumococcal vaccination Public health Risk groups SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Streptococcus infections Tropical environment Tropical environments Vaccination Vaccines Variables Viral diseases Central America Argentina Mexico Paraguay Chile Peru Latin America COVID-19 cardio–metabolic pneumococcal vaccination SARS-CoV-2 Influenza vaccination
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Summary:	Influenza vaccination (IV) and Pneumococcus vaccination (PV) are recommended for patients with cardiometabolic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the immunization rate of ambulatory cardiometabolic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Americas. Electronic surveys were collected from 13 Spanish speaking countries between 15 June and 15 July 2020. 4216 patients were analyzed. Mean age 60 (±15) years and 49% females. Global IV rate was 46.5% and PV 24.6%. Vaccinated patients were older (IV = 63 vs. 58 years; PV = 68 vs. 59, < 0.01) but without gender difference. Vaccination rates were greater in higher-risk groups (65+, diabetics, heart failure), but not in coronary artery disease patients. In the Southern cone, the rate of IV and PV was approximately double that in the tropical regions of the Americas. In a multivariate model, geographic zone (IV = OR 2.02, PV = OR 2.42, < 0.001), age (IV = OR 1.023, PV = OR 1.035, < 0.001), and incomes (IV = OR 1.28, PV = OR 1.58, < 0.001) were predictors for vaccination. During the COVID-19 pandemic, ambulatory patients with cardiometabolic diseases from the Americas with no evidence of COVID-19 infection had lower-than-expected rates of IV and PV. Geographic, social, and cultural differences were found, and they should be explored in depth.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2076-393X 2076-393X
DOI:	10.3390/vaccines9020123