Ibuprofen Genotoxicity in Aquatic Environment: An Experimental Model Using Oreochromis niloticus

Medicines and their metabolites have been found as water contaminants at very low concentrations; moreover, there is no extensive toxicological data to determine the risks associated with their occurrence in water resources. The ibuprofen genotoxicity potential to the Oreochromis niloticus fish (Til...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Water, air, and soil pollution Vol. 218; no. 1-4; pp. 361 - 364
Main Authors:	Ragugnetti, Marilaine, Adams, Mônica L., Guimarães, Ana T. B., Sponchiado, Graziela, de Vasconcelos, Eliane Carvalho, de Oliveira, Cíntia Mara Ribas
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-06-2011 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Agnatha. Pisces Analysis Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Anti-inflammatory agents Applied ecology Aquariums Aquatic environment Aquatic organisms Aquatic resources Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Bioassays Biological and medical sciences Blood Cell division Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts Contaminants Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Environment Environmental monitoring Environmental risk Erythrocytes Experiments Fishes Fresh water ecosystems Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Genotoxicity Hydrogeology Ibuprofen Metabolites Micronuclei Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Oreochromis niloticus Organisms Peripheral blood Pharmaceuticals Soil Science & Conservation Statistical analysis Synecology Tilapia Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution Water pollution Water Quality/Water Pollution Water resources Fish Micronucleus test Ibuprofen Genotoxicity Freshwater environment Aquatic environment Vertebrata Oreochromis niloticus Toxicity Pisces Models Experimental study
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Summary:	Medicines and their metabolites have been found as water contaminants at very low concentrations; moreover, there is no extensive toxicological data to determine the risks associated with their occurrence in water resources. The ibuprofen genotoxicity potential to the Oreochromis niloticus fish (Tilapia), due to nanograms per liter exposure, was evaluated using the micronucleus test. Acute (48 h) and sub-chronic assays (10 days) were carried out at 300 ng/L ibuprofen aquatic concentration comparing with the negative control group (without treatment), with eight animals per group. The results were assessed from the average of triplicate analyses. The micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood of fish was determined using a sample size of 3,000 erythrocytes per animal. Significance was defined using t test ( p ≤ 0.05). The bioassay results showed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei for both exposure times in comparison to the negative control. The micronucleus frequency observed for the sub-chronic tests was higher than the one identified in the acute assays. The observed ibuprofen genotoxic effects demonstrated an aquatic environmental risk of this pharmaceutical, which occurs for the used fish experimental model in lower concentration than previously described for other aquatic organisms.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0049-6979 1573-2932
DOI:	10.1007/s11270-010-0698-0