DNA damage induced by cylindrospermopsin on different tissues of the biomonitor fish Poecilia reticulata

DNA damage induced by cylindrospermopsin on different tissues of the biomonitor fish Poecilia reticulata

The cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is the second biggest cause of poisoning worldwide, both in humans and animals. Although CYN primarily affects the aquatic environments and can be absorbed in fishes by multiple routes, data reporting its toxicity and mechanism of action are still scarce in th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental toxicology Vol. 36; no. 6; pp. 1125 - 1134
Main Authors: Rabelo, Jéssica C. S., Hanusch, Alex L., Jesus, Lázaro Wender O., Mesquita, Lorena A., Franco, Fernanda C., Silva, Raquel A., Sabóia‐Morais, Simone M. T.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-06-2021
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:
Abnormalities
Adult
Alkaloids
Animal tissues
Animals
Aquatic environment
Aquatic organisms
aquatic toxicology
Blood cells
Brain
Brain damage
cyanobacterial bloom
cyanotoxin
Cylindrospermopsin
Damage detection
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA Damage
Erythrocytes
Exposure
Female
Fish
Genotoxicity
guppy
Hepatocytes
Humans
Liver
Malformations
Micronuclei
Mutagenicity
Neurotoxicity
Peripheral blood
Poecilia
Tissue
Toxicity
Uracil - toxicity
aquatic toxicology
cyanotoxin
guppy
cyanobacterial bloom
DNA damage
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Summary:The cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is the second biggest cause of poisoning worldwide, both in humans and animals. Although CYN primarily affects the aquatic environments and can be absorbed in fishes by multiple routes, data reporting its toxicity and mechanism of action are still scarce in this group. Using P. reticulata as model species, it was evaluated whether CYN promotes mutagenic and genotoxic effects in different fish target tissues. Adult females were exposed in a static way to 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 μg L−1 of pure CYN for 24 and 96 hours. For the first time, DNA damage was detected in fish brain after CYN exposition. In brain cells, a concentration‐response DNA damage was observed for both exposure times, suggesting a direct or indirect action of CYN in neurotoxicity. For the liver cells, 96 hours caused an increase in DNA damage, as well the highest percentage of DNA in the tail was reached when used 1.5 μg L−1 of CYN. In peripheral blood cells, an increase in DNA damage was observed for all tested concentrations after 96 hours. In erythrocytes, micronuclei frequency was higher at 1.5 μg L−1 treatment while the erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENA) frequency was significantly higher even at the lowest CYN concentration. Such data demonstrated that acute exposition to CYN promotes genotoxicity in the brain, liver, and blood cells of P. reticulata, as well mutagenicity in erythrocytes. It rises an alert regarding to the toxic effects of CYN for aquatic organisms as well as for human health.
Bibliography:Funding information
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás
ISSN:1520-4081
1522-7278
DOI:10.1002/tox.23111