Activated Graphene Oxide-Calcium Alginate Beads for Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Pharmaceuticals

Activated Graphene Oxide-Calcium Alginate Beads for Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Pharmaceuticals

The remarkable adsorption capacity of graphene-derived materials has prompted their examination in composite materials suitable for deployment in treatment of contaminated waters. In this study, crosslinked calcium alginate–graphene oxide beads were prepared and activated by exposure to pH 4 by usin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials Vol. 14; no. 21; p. 6343
Main Authors: Gunes, Burcu, Jaquet, Yannick, Sánchez, Laura, Pumarino, Rebecca, McGlade, Declan, Quilty, Brid, Morrissey, Anne, Gholamvand, Zahra, Nolan, Kieran, Lawler, Jenny
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 23-10-2021
MDPI
Subjects:
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Beads
Calcium alginate
Chemical oxygen demand
Composite materials
Diclofenac
Equilibrium
Fourier transforms
Graphene
graphene oxide
Graphite
isotherms and thermodynamics
kinetics
Lime
Methylene blue
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Pharmaceuticals
Pollutants
Regression analysis
Scanning electron microscopy
Sodium
Spectrum analysis
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Summary:The remarkable adsorption capacity of graphene-derived materials has prompted their examination in composite materials suitable for deployment in treatment of contaminated waters. In this study, crosslinked calcium alginate–graphene oxide beads were prepared and activated by exposure to pH 4 by using 0.1M HCl. The activated beads were investigated as novel adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants (methylene blue dye and the pharmaceuticals famotidine and diclofenac) with a range of physicochemical properties. The effects of initial pollutant concentration, temperature, pH, and adsorbent dose were investigated, and kinetic models were examined for fit to the data. The maximum adsorption capacities qmax obtained were 1334, 35.50 and 36.35 mg g−1 for the uptake of methylene blue, famotidine and diclofenac, respectively. The equilibrium adsorption had an alignment with Langmuir isotherms, while the kinetics were most accurately modelled using pseudo- first-order and second order models according to the regression analysis. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° were calculated and the adsorption process was determined to be exothermic and spontaneous.
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ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma14216343