The Butterfly Effect: Mild Soil Pollution with Heavy Metals Elicits Major Biological Consequences in Cobalt-Sensitized Broad Bean Model Plants

Among the heavy metals (HMs), only cobalt induces a polymorphic response in plants, manifesting as chlorophyll morphoses and a 'break-through' effect resulting in the elevated accumulation of other HMs, which makes Co-pretreated broad bean plants an attractive model for investigating soil...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Antioxidants Vol. 11; no. 4; p. 793
Main Authors:	Šiukšta, Raimondas, Pukenytė, Vėjūnė, Kleizaitė, Violeta, Bondzinskaitė, Skaistė, Čėsnienė, Tatjana
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 18-04-2022 MDPI
Subjects:	antioxidant response Antioxidants Ascorbic acid Beans Calibration Carotenoids CDDP polymorphism Chlorophyll Co pretreatment Cobalt Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Experiments Factories Flavonoids Heavy metal content Heavy metals Hydrogen peroxide Industrial pollution Organic chemicals Pollution Polyphenols Seeds Soil contamination Soil pollution Superoxide dismutase transcript-based profiling Transcription Vicia faba Co pretreatment transcript-based profiling CDDP polymorphism Vicia faba antioxidant response soil pollution
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Summary:	Among the heavy metals (HMs), only cobalt induces a polymorphic response in plants, manifesting as chlorophyll morphoses and a 'break-through' effect resulting in the elevated accumulation of other HMs, which makes Co-pretreated broad bean plants an attractive model for investigating soil pollution by HMs. In this study, Co-sensitized plants were used to evaluate the long-term effect of residual industrial pollution by examining biochemical (H O , ascorbic acid, malondialdehyde, free proline, flavonoid, polyphenols, chlorophylls, carotenoids, superoxide dismutase) and molecular (conserved DNA-derived polymorphism and transcript-derived polymorphic fragments) markers after long-term exposure. HM-polluted soil induced a significantly higher frequency of chlorophyll morphoses and lower levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants in Co-pretreated plants. Both molecular markers effectively differentiated plants from polluted and control soils into distinct clusters, showing that HMs in mildly polluted soil are capable of inducing changes in DNA coding regions. These findings illustrate that strong background abiotic stressors (pretreatment with Co) can aid investigations of mild stressors (slight levels of soil pollution) by complementing each other in antioxidant content reduction and induction of DNA changes.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2076-3921 2076-3921
DOI:	10.3390/antiox11040793