Cryptobia iubilans infection in juvenile discus

Four commercial producers of discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus) were found to have fish infested with the flagellate Cryptobia iubilans. Affected fish had granulomatous gastritis, and many also had granulomatous disease of other organs. The parasite had to be differentiated from the related flagell...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Vol. 224; no. 10; pp. 1644 - 1650
Main Authors:	Yanong, R.P.E, Curtis, E, Russo, R, Francis-Ffoyd, R, Klinger, R.E, Berzins, I, Kelley, K, Poynton, S.L
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 15-05-2004
Subjects:	Animals Antiprotozoal Agents - therapeutic use Aquaculture Cichlids - parasitology Dimetridazole - therapeutic use Fish Diseases - drug therapy Fish Diseases - mortality Fish Diseases - parasitology Fish Diseases - pathology Kinetoplastida - isolation & purification Kinetoplastida - pathogenicity Microscopy, Electron - veterinary Protozoan Infections - drug therapy Protozoan Infections - mortality Protozoan Infections - pathology Protozoan Infections, Animal Severity of Illness Index Treatment Outcome
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Summary:	Four commercial producers of discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus) were found to have fish infested with the flagellate Cryptobia iubilans. Affected fish had granulomatous gastritis, and many also had granulomatous disease of other organs. The parasite had to be differentiated from the related flagellates Spironucleus spp, which induce different lesions. Transmission electron microscopy was found to be useful in detecting and identifying the parasite. Morbidity and mortality rates in the various fish populations appeared to be linked to a number of variables, including water quality, presence of other parasites and bacteria, diet, species, size, and age of the fish, and optimization of husbandry appeared to be important in alleviating the severity of disease. Metronidazole was not effective for treatment of C iubilans, but bath treatments with dimetridazole (80 mg/L for 24 hours, repeated daily for 3 days) or 2-amino-5-nitrothiazol (10 mg/L for 24 hours, repeated daily for 3 days) may be useful in decreasing the prevalence of infestation.
ISSN:	0003-1488 1943-569X
DOI:	10.2460/javma.2004.224.1644