Neuronal Generators of Visual Evoked Potentials in Humans: Visual Processing in the Human Cortex

Purpose: We wished to define the localization of cortical generators of visual (pattern) evoked potentials (VEP) and the temporal sequence of activation in the occipital region. Methods: In 4 candidates for epilepsy surgery, a large array of subdural electrodes was placed over occipital areas. Check...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Epilepsia (Copenhagen) Vol. 38; no. 5; pp. 600 - 610
Main Authors:	Arroyo, Santiago, Lesser, Ronald P., Poon, Wai‐Tat, Robert, W., Webber, S., Gordon, Barry
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-05-1997 Blackwell
Subjects:	Biological and medical sciences Brain Mapping Electrodes, Implanted Electroencephalography Epilepsy, Complex Partial - diagnosis Epilepsy, Complex Partial - surgery Evoked Potentials, Visual - physiology Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision Form Perception - physiology Functional Laterality Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Occipital cortex Occipital Lobe - physiology Subdural electrodes Subdural Space Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs vision Vision, Monocular - physiology Visual Cortex - physiology Visual evoked potentials Visual processing Electrodes Human Subdural Function generator Visual pathway Implanted Occipital cortex Electrophysiology Visual evoked potential Physiology Localization
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Summary:	Purpose: We wished to define the localization of cortical generators of visual (pattern) evoked potentials (VEP) and the temporal sequence of activation in the occipital region. Methods: In 4 candidates for epilepsy surgery, a large array of subdural electrodes was placed over occipital areas. Checkerboard pattern reversal stimuli were generated and the epileptogenic focus was localized and functionally mapped. Magnetic resonance imaging did not show any occipital lesions in any of the 4 patients. Results: The area first activated was the lingual gyrus in the mesial occipital lobe (negative potential peaks at ∼70 ms), followed by an area superior to the calcarine fissure (negative peaks at ∼80 ms). Later (starting at ∼90 ms), there were positive potentials over the occipital pole and lingual gyrus, followed by potentials at the lateral occipital lobe. Conclusions: These data support the idea that VEP are generated in the mesial and lateral occipital cortex by different circumscribed neuronal generators with different latencies of activation. The scalp‐recorded N1 and P1 potential peaks most likely derive from the progressive activation of neuronal masses in different regions of the occipital lobe.
Bibliography:	Presented in part at the American EEG Society Meeting, New Orleans, November 1993 and at the American Academy of Neurology, Washington, D.C., May 1994. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0013-9580 1528-1167
DOI:	10.1111/j.1528-1157.1997.tb01146.x