K- and Cu-doped CaTiO3-based nanostructured hollow spheres as alternative catalysts to produce fatty acid ethyl esters as potential biodiesel

K- and Cu-doped CaTiO3-based nanostructured hollow spheres as alternative catalysts to produce fatty acid ethyl esters as potential biodiesel

[Display omitted] •New functional perovskite-type catalysts were synthesized by the ultrasonic spray-pyrolysis method.•Nanostructured hollow spheres with the stoichiometric formula Ca1-xKxTiCux/2O3 were tailored.•Optimization of perovskite-type catalysts to produce fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE’s) w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied catalysis. B, Environmental Vol. 272; p. 118986
Main Authors: Lanfredi, S., Matos, J., da Silva, S.R., Djurado, E., Sadouki, A.S., Chouaih, A., Poon, P.S., González, E.R.P., Nobre, M.A.L.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 05-09-2020
Elsevier BV
Elsevier
Subjects:
Biodiesel fuels
Biofuels
Calcium ions
Catalysts
Catalytic activity
CaTiO3-based catalysts
Chemical Sciences
Chemical synthesis
Esters
Ethyl esters
FAEE’s synthesis
Fatty acids
Hollow spheres
K- and Cu-doping
Material chemistry
Morphology
Nanostructure
Polyelectrolytes
Pyrolysis
Soybean oil
Soybeans
Substitution reactions
Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis
Ultrasonic testing
Hollow spheres
CaTiO3-based catalysts
K- and Cu-doping
FAEE’s synthesis
Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis
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Summary:[Display omitted] •New functional perovskite-type catalysts were synthesized by the ultrasonic spray-pyrolysis method.•Nanostructured hollow spheres with the stoichiometric formula Ca1-xKxTiCux/2O3 were tailored.•Optimization of perovskite-type catalysts to produce fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE’s) with yields up to 89%.•The influence of the substitutional x ratio in Ca1-xKxTiCux/2O3 on the FAEE’s production was studied.•The hollow morphology of catalysts favored the conversion of the soybean oil. New functional polycation oxide-type catalysts were synthesized by the ultrasonic spray-pyrolysis method. The catalytic activity in the production of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE’s) using soybean oil was studied. Catalysts are conformed by nanostructured hollow spheres of low density with a stoichiometric formula Ca1-xKxTiCux/2O3. The influence of the substitutional ratio (x) upon the catalytic activity was verified. The Ca1-xKxTiCux/2O3 sample with x = 0.3 showed the highest activity with a yield up to 89 % to produce fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE’s) after 24 h reaction using 15 wt.% catalysts, 120 °C and 40 bars. The enhancement in the activity was ascribed to the substitution of the Ca+2 sites by K+ and Ti+4 by Cu+2 and to the hollow morphology favoring a more effective interaction between the soybean oil and the active basic sites of the catalysts.
ISSN:0926-3373
1873-3883
DOI:10.1016/j.apcatb.2020.118986