A genetically related cluster of Salmonella Typhimurium cases in humans associated with ruminant livestock and related food chains, United Kingdom, August 2021–December 2022

Following an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium in Wales in July 2021 associated with sheep meat and offal, further genetically related cases were detected across the UK. Cases were UK residents with laboratory-confirmed Salmonella Typhimurium in the same 5-single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) singl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Epidemiology and infection Vol. 152; p. e89
Main Authors:	Merrick, Rachel, Pulford, Caisey, Rubeshkumar, Polani, Seyan, Parnam, Fina, Laia, Sawyer, Clare, Pacchiarini, Nicole, Pollock, Carrie, Lighthill, Jonathan, Potter, Tina, Harvey, Nathan, Thomas, Kara, Lloyd, Daniel, Gherman, Iulia, Mackintosh, Adrienne, Lawes, Joanna, Snow, Lucy, Waldram, Alison, Larkin, Lesley, Balasegaram, Sooria, Painset, Anais, McCormick, Jacquelyn, Elson, Richard, Browning, Lynda, Williams, Christopher, Andrew, Rachel, Mably, Susan, Thomas, Daniel
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 2024
Subjects:	Abattoirs Adolescent Adult Aged Animals Carcasses Case-Control Studies Child Child, Preschool Clusters Disease Outbreaks Environmental health Environmental monitoring Epidemics Epidemiology Female Food Chain Food chains Foodborne pathogens Genomes Humans Illnesses Infant Infections Laboratories Livestock Livestock - microbiology Male Middle Aged Nucleotides Original Paper Polymorphism Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Public health Questionnaires Regression analysis Ruminants - microbiology Salmonella Salmonella Infections - epidemiology Salmonella Infections - microbiology Salmonella Typhimurium Salmonella typhimurium - genetics Salmonella typhimurium - isolation & purification Sheep Single-nucleotide polymorphism Suppliers Supply chains Surveillance United Kingdom - epidemiology Wales - epidemiology Wildlife Young Adult United Kingdom Wales England Scotland United Kingdom > UK ruminants United Kingdom outbreaks sheep Salmonella Typhimurium
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Summary:	Following an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium in Wales in July 2021 associated with sheep meat and offal, further genetically related cases were detected across the UK. Cases were UK residents with laboratory-confirmed Salmonella Typhimurium in the same 5-single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) single-linkage cluster with specimen date between 01/08/2021–2031/12/2022. We described cases using routine (UK) and enhanced (Wales only) surveillance data. Exposures in cases in Wales were compared with non-Typhimurium Salmonella case–controls. Environmental Health Practitioners and the Food Standards Agency investigated supply chains of food premises reported by ≥2 cases. Animal, carcass, and environmental samples taken for diagnostic or monitoring purposes for gastrointestinal pathogens were included in microbiological investigations. We identified 142 cases: 75% in England, 23% in Wales and 3% in Scotland. Median age was 32 years, and 59% were male. Direct contact with sheep was associated with becoming a case (aOR: 14, 95%CI: 1.4–145) but reported by few (6/32 cases). No single food item, premises, or supplier linked all cases. Multi-agency collaboration enabled the identification of isolates in the same 5-SNP single-linkage cluster from a sheep carcass at an English abattoir and in ruminant, wildlife, poultry, and environmental samples, suggesting multiple vehicles and pathways of infection.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0950-2688 1469-4409 1469-4409
DOI:	10.1017/S095026882400030X