Aetiology, prevalence, fracture site and management of maxillofacial trauma

Aetiology, prevalence, fracture site and management of maxillofacial trauma

Maxillofacial fractures are often associated with severe morbidity, functional deficit, disfigurement and significant financial implications. The aim of this review was to investigate whether the aetiology, prevalence and management modalities of facial trauma can identify the common causes of facia...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England Vol. 103; no. 1; pp. 18 - 22
Main Authors: Kanala, S, Gudipalli, S, Perumalla, P, Jagalanki, K, Polamarasetty, P V, Guntaka, S, Gudala, A, Boyapati, R P
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England BMJ Publishing Group LTD 01-01-2021
Royal College of Surgeons
Subjects:
Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data
Accounting
Adolescent
Adult
Age
Age Distribution
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aggressive Driving - statistics & numerical data
Bones
Child
Child, Preschool
Closed reduction
Developing countries
Driving Under the Influence - statistics & numerical data
Etiology
Female
Fracture Fixation, Internal - statistics & numerical data
Fractures
Humans
India - epidemiology
Injuries
LDCs
Male
Maxillofacial Injuries - epidemiology
Maxillofacial Injuries - etiology
Maxillofacial Injuries - surgery
Middle Aged
Open Fracture Reduction - statistics & numerical data
Patients
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies
Review
Roads & highways
Traffic accidents & safety
Trauma
Violence
Young Adult
Young adults
India
Facial fractures
Fractures
Maxillofacial trauma
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Summary:Maxillofacial fractures are often associated with severe morbidity, functional deficit, disfigurement and significant financial implications. The aim of this review was to investigate whether the aetiology, prevalence and management modalities of facial trauma can identify the common causes of facial trauma with a view to recommending measures to the appropriate governing bodies to change the current practice wherever possible. The records of 1,112 patients referred to our oral and maxillofacial unit in Andhra Pradesh, India, between February 2008 and October 2017 were analysed retrospectively. Data including age, sex, aetiology, fracture site and treatment were evaluated. Men aged 20-40 years were the most common victims of facial trauma. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were responsible in 70% of cases. Mandibular fractures constituted 47% of the overall fractures, and 55% of the total fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. The main cause of maxillofacial injury among patients reporting to our hospital was RTAs. Mandibular fractures were the most common, accounting for almost half of the cases. Over half (55%) of all maxillofacial fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Reasons for this high frequency may include the large number of poorly maintained, overloaded vehicles on unsuitable roads, violation of traffic regulations (particularly by inexperienced young drivers), abuse of alcohol or other intoxicating agents and the sociocultural behaviours of some drivers.
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ISSN:0035-8843
1478-7083
DOI:10.1308/rcsann.2020.0171