Does drug dispensing improve the health outcomes of patients attending community pharmacies? A systematic review

Does drug dispensing improve the health outcomes of patients attending community pharmacies? A systematic review

Drug dispensing is a clinical pharmacy service that promotes access to medicines and their rational use. However, there is a lack of evidence for the impact of drug dispensing on patients' health outcomes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the influence of drug dispensing on the cli...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC health services research Vol. 21; no. 1; p. 764
Main Authors: Pizetta, Bárbara, Raggi, Lívia Gonçalves, Rocha, Kérilin Stancine Santos, Cerqueira-Santos, Sabrina, de Lyra-Jr, Divaldo Pereira, Dos Santos Júnior, Genival Araujo
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 02-08-2021
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects:
Content analysis
Counseling
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dispensing
Drug stores
Drug therapy
Drugs
Drugstores
Evidence-Based Practice
Health care policy
Health Outcomes
Health services
Humans
Intervention
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Outcomes Assessment
Patient outcomes
Patient satisfaction
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Pharmaceuticals
Pharmacies
Pharmacists
Prescription drugs
Quality of life
Services
Systematic review
Brazil
Dispensing
Evidence-Based Practice
Health Outcomes
Pharmacists
Counseling
Outcomes Assessment
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Summary:Drug dispensing is a clinical pharmacy service that promotes access to medicines and their rational use. However, there is a lack of evidence for the impact of drug dispensing on patients' health outcomes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the influence of drug dispensing on the clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes of patients attending community pharmacies. A systematic literature search was performed in April 2021 using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and Open Thesis. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full-text articles according to the eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute, and the literature was synthesized narratively. We retrieved 3,685 articles and included nine studies that presented 13 different outcomes. Regarding the design, they were cross-sectional (n = 4), randomized clinical trials (n = 4), and quasi-experimental (n = 1). A positive influence of drug dispensing on health outcomes was demonstrated through six clinical, four humanistic and three economic outcomes. Eight studies (88,9 %) used intermediate outcomes. The assessment of methodological quality was characterized by a lack of clarity and/or lack of information in primary studies. Most articles included in this review reported a positive influence of drug dispensing performed by community pharmacists on patients' health outcomes. The findings of this study may be of interest to patients, pharmacists, decision makers, and healthcare systems, since they may contribute to evidence-based decision-making, strengthening the contribution of community pharmacists to health care. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020191701 .
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:1472-6963
1472-6963
DOI:10.1186/s12913-021-06770-0