HBV viremia in newborns of HBsAg(+) predominantly Caucasian HBeAg(−) mothers

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus infection is an important public health problem worldwide and eliminating mother-to-infant transmission is important to decrease the prevalence of chronic HBV-infection. Although, immunoprophylaxis given at birth largely prevents mother-to-infant transmission, p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of clinical virology Vol. 50; no. 3; pp. 249 - 252
Main Authors:	Papaevangelou, Vassiliki, Paraskevis, Dimitrios, Anastassiadou, Vassiliki, Stratiki, Evaggelia, Machaira, Maria, Pitsouli, Irene, Haida, Catherine, Drakakis, Petros, Stamouli, Klara, Antsaklis, Aris, Hatzakis, Angelos
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-03-2011 Elsevier
Subjects:	Allergy and Immunology Biological and medical sciences Child, Preschool Female Follow-Up Studies Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology HBV–DNA Hepatitis B - congenital Hepatitis B - epidemiology Hepatitis B - virology Hepatitis B e Antigens - blood Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification Human viral diseases Humans In utero transmission Incidence Infant Infant, Newborn Infectious Disease Infectious diseases Medical sciences Microbiology Miscellaneous Mother-to-infant transmission Neonate Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology Prospective Studies Viral diseases Viral Load Viremia Virology In utero transmission World Health Organization hepatitis B surface antigen Viremia hepatitis B virus hepatitis B immune globulin HBeAg Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices HBsAg Anti-HBe HBV–DNA Neonate ACIP HBIG antibody against HBe HBV Viral load PCR polymerase chain reaction hepatitis e antigen WHO Mother-to-infant transmission Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B surface antigen Orthohepadnavirus Infection Virus Hepatitis B e antigen Hepadnaviridae Viral disease HBV-DNA Vertical transmission
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Summary:	Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus infection is an important public health problem worldwide and eliminating mother-to-infant transmission is important to decrease the prevalence of chronic HBV-infection. Although, immunoprophylaxis given at birth largely prevents mother-to-infant transmission, perinatal HBV viremia has been reported in HBsAg(−) newborns born mainly to HBeAg(+) women in endemic areas. Objectives To examine the incidence of perinatal HBV viremia in newborns of HBsAg(+) predominantly HBeAg(−) mothers. Study design Peripheral blood was obtained at birth from 109 HBsAg(+) mothers and their newborns before the administration of active–passive immunoprophylaxis. Infants were prospectively followed and appropriately vaccinated. Results Although most (92.7%) of the HBsAg(+) mothers were HBeAg(−), 73.4% had detectable HBV viremia. Neonatal viremia was detected in 3/8 (37.5%) and 24/101 (23.8%) newborns of HBeAg(+) and HBeAg(−) mothers, respectively ( p = 0.386). However, HBV–DNA levels were significantly higher in newborns of HBeAg(+) mothers ( p = 0.025). No child developed chronic HBV infection, but one child had evidence of subclinical hepatitis. Conclusions Although the clinical significance of low viremia levels in almost one in four newborns of HBsAg(+) mothers in a low endemicity area is unclear, it may enhance our understanding of HBV mother-to-infant transmission.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	1386-6532 1873-5967
DOI:	10.1016/j.jcv.2010.11.009