Tungiasis in the Sanumas amerindians in the amazon rainforest, Brazil: Prevalence, intensity and morbidity

Background: Tungiasis is a disease associated with extreme poverty. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tungiasis in six different settlements of the Sanumas indigenous community in a remote area in the Auaris region, Yanomami territory, Brazil. Methods: We conducted an observational study to det...

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Published in:	Tropical medicine and infectious disease Vol. 8; no. 8; pp. 1 - 11
Main Authors:	Santana, Yago Ranniere Teixeira, Oliveira, Lucas Felipe Carvalho, Lima, Gabriela Mafra, Timbó, Renata Velôzo, Pires, Eliane Mateus, de Brito, Amanda Ramos, Martins, Ana Carolina Tardin, Magalhães, Vivyanne Santiago, de Faria, Ana Carolina Mota, Urdapilleta, Ada Amalia Ayala, Roger, Isabelle, de Andrade, Rafael Rocha, Martins, Luciana Pereira Freire, Pellegrini, Marcos, de Carvalho, Fabiola Christian Almeida, Araújo, David Dias, Barroso, Daniel Holanda, Garcia, Carina Nogueira, Feldmeier, Hermann, Gomes, Ciro Martins
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel, Switzerland MDPI 28-07-2023 MDPI AG
Subjects:	Amerindian people Analysis Brazil Brief Report Data processing Dwellings Epidemiology Evaluation Housing Indigenous peoples Morbidity Multivariate analysis neglected diseases One Health Parasites Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Rain forests Regression analysis Skin Statistical analysis tungiasis Veterinarians Brazil South America neglected diseases tungiasis Amerindian people One Health
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Summary:	Background: Tungiasis is a disease associated with extreme poverty. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tungiasis in six different settlements of the Sanumas indigenous community in a remote area in the Auaris region, Yanomami territory, Brazil. Methods: We conducted an observational study to detect clinical and epidemiological factors associated with tungiasis using a cross-sectional strategy and multivariate logistic regression. Soil analysis was performed by visual and microscopic methods. Results: We examined 555 persons, 45 of whom had active tungiasis; 18 cases were classified as mild, 16 as moderate and 11 as severe. The disease was significantly more prevalent in children than in adults (odds ratio (OR) 15.77; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.34-67.91; 'p' < 0.001). Soil infestation was significantly related to the occurrence of human tungiasis (OR = 12.29; 95% CI = 3.75-45.88). The sex and GPS location of the houses were not related to the occurrence of tungiasis. Conclusions: We conclude that tungiasis is an important problem in the Sanumas community, especially for children. We suggest that interruption of the off-host transmission cycle, together with regular treatment [human and animal interventions], must be prioritized to achieve control of tungiasis in indigenous populations.
Bibliography:	Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Vol. 8, No. 8, Aug 2023, 1-11 Informit, Melbourne (Vic) ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2414-6366 2414-6366
DOI:	10.3390/tropicalmed8080386