Exposure of small ruminants and humans to Coxiella burnetii in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil

Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii , for which domestic ruminants are the primary source of infection in humans. Herein, we investigated the presence of C. burnetii in humans, sheep, and goats in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Brazilian journal of microbiology Vol. 55; no. 2; pp. 1931 - 1939
Main Authors:	de Souza, Eline Almeida Rodrigues, Farias, Ila Ferreira, Pesqueira, Tainã Ramos, de Azevedo Serpa, Maria Carolina, Cunha, Thaís Souza, Moraes, Elenice Andrade, Brandão, Paulo Eduardo, Labruna, Marcelo Bahia, Horta, Mauricio Claudio
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Cham Springer International Publishing 01-06-2024
Subjects:	Biomedical and Life Sciences Food Microbiology Life Sciences Medical Microbiology Microbial Ecology Microbial Genetics and Genomics Microbiology Mycology Veterinary and Animal Production - Research Paper Human Sheep Goat Zoonosis Q fever Epidemiology
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Summary:	Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii , for which domestic ruminants are the primary source of infection in humans. Herein, we investigated the presence of C. burnetii in humans, sheep, and goats in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. The presence of anti- C. burnetii antibodies was surveyed using indirect immunofluorescence assay, and detection of C. burnetii DNA was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Anti- C. burnetii antibodies were detected in 60% of farms, 4.8% of goats, 1.5% of sheep, and 4.5% of human samples. PCR was positive in 18.9% of blood samples, 7.7% of milk samples, and 7.7% of vaginal mucus samples. A DNA sequence of a C. burnetii DNA sample extracted from the goat vaginal mucus showed 99.2–99.4% nucleotide identity with other strains previously reported in Brazil. These results indicate that C. burnetii is present in the surveyed area, where it poses a risk to both public and animal health. These findings indicate an urgent need for educative actions to protect population, as well as better training of veterinarians to detect and report Q fever.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1517-8382 1678-4405 1678-4405
DOI:	10.1007/s42770-024-01317-x