Antibodies to islet cell autoantigens, rotaviruses and/or enteroviruses in cord blood and healthy mothers in relation to the 2010-2011 winter viral seasons in Israel: a pilot study
Aims To determine whether antivirus and/or islet cell antibodies can be detected in healthy pregnant mothers without diabetes and/or their offspring at birth in two winter viral seasons. Methods Maternal and cord blood sera from 107 healthy pregnant women were tested for islet cell autoantibodies us...
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| Published in: | Diabetic medicine Vol. 31; no. 6; pp. 681 - 685 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01-06-2014
Blackwell Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Aims
To determine whether antivirus and/or islet cell antibodies can be detected in healthy pregnant mothers without diabetes and/or their offspring at birth in two winter viral seasons.
Methods
Maternal and cord blood sera from 107 healthy pregnant women were tested for islet cell autoantibodies using radioligand binding assays and for anti‐rotavirus and anti‐CoxB3 antibody using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 autoantibodies and rotavirus antibodies, present in both maternal and cord blood sera, correlated with an odds ratio of 6.89 (95% CI: 1.01–46.78). For five, 22 and 17 pregnancies, antibodies to GAD65, rotavirus and CoxB3, respectively, were detected in cord blood only and not in the corresponding maternal serum. In 10 pregnancies, rotavirus antibody titres in the cord blood exceeded those in the corresponding maternal serum by 2.5–5‐fold. Increased antibody titres after the 20th week of gestation suggested CoxB3 infection in one of the 20 pregnancies and rotavirus in another.
Conclusion
The concurrent presence of GAD65 antibodies in cord blood and their mothers may indicate autoimmune damage to islet cells during gestation, possibly caused by cross‐placental transmission of viral infections and/or antivirus antibodies. Cord blood antibody titres that exceed those of the corresponding maternal sample by >2.5‐fold, or antibody‐positive cord blood samples with antibody‐negative maternal samples, may imply an active in utero immune response by the fetus.
What's new?
It has been hypothesized that viral infections initiate islet cell autoimmunity.
Previous research suggests an association of viral infection in utero and islet autoimmunity.
We found a significant correlation between glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies and anti‐rotavirus in healthy mothers at delivery and in cord blood.
The presence of antibodies in cord blood with antibody‐negative mothers suggests an independent fetal immune response.
Our findings support the hypothesis that viral infections during pregnancy damage fetal islet cells, triggering islet autoimmunity. |
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| Bibliography: | Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation to C.S.H National Institutes of Health - No. DK26190; No. DK17047 istex:BD9E4ECAA992A5354CC14070861727E721B62F7B ArticleID:DME12404 ark:/67375/WNG-CM13QP2Z-J ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 |
| ISSN: | 0742-3071 1464-5491 1464-5491 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/dme.12404 |