Hydroxyapatite Use in Spine Surgery-Molecular and Clinical Aspect

Hydroxyapatite Use in Spine Surgery-Molecular and Clinical Aspect

Hydroxyapatite possesses desirable properties as a scaffold in tissue engineering: it is biocompatible at a site of implantation, and it is degradable to non-toxic products. Moreover, its porosity enables infiltration of cells, nutrients and waste products. The outcome of hydroxyapatite implantation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials Vol. 15; no. 8; p. 2906
Main Authors: Litak, Jakub, Czyzewski, Wojciech, Szymoniuk, Michał, Pastuszak, Bartlomiej, Litak, Joanna, Litak, Grzegorz, Grochowski, Cezary, Rahnama-Hezavah, Mansur, Kamieniak, Piotr
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 15-04-2022
MDPI
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Back surgery
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Bones
Cages
Cell adhesion & migration
Chemokines
Cytokines
Cytoskeleton
Fixation
Foreign bodies
Grafting
Grafts
HAp
Hydroxyapatite
Implantation
Inflammation
Kinases
Literature reviews
Morphology
Neutrophils
Nutrients
Pedicle screws
Physical properties
Proteins
Review
Spine
Stem cells
Substitute bone
Surgery
Surgical implants
Tissue engineering
Transplants & implants
Vertebrae
hydroxyapatite
spine
HAp
surgery
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Description
Summary:Hydroxyapatite possesses desirable properties as a scaffold in tissue engineering: it is biocompatible at a site of implantation, and it is degradable to non-toxic products. Moreover, its porosity enables infiltration of cells, nutrients and waste products. The outcome of hydroxyapatite implantation highly depends on the extent of the host immune response. Authors emphasise major roles of the chemical, morphological and physical properties of the surface of biomaterial used. A number of techniques have been applied to transform the theoretical osteoconductive features of HAp into spinal fusion systems-from integration of HAp with autograft to synthetic intervertebral implants. The most popular uses of HAp in spine surgery include implants (ACDF), bone grafts in posterolateral lumbar fusion and transpedicular screws coating. In the past, autologous bone graft has been used as an intervertebral cage in ACDF. Due to the morbidity related to autograft harvesting from the iliac bone, a synthetic cage with osteoconductive material such as hydroxyapatite seems to be a good alternative. Regarding posterolateral lumbar fusion, it requires the graft to induce new bone growth and reinforce fusion between the vertebrae. Hydroxyapatite formulations have shown good results in that field. Moreover, the HAp coating has proven to be an efficient method of increasing screw fixation strength. It can decrease the risk of complications such as screw loosening after pedicle screw fixation in osteoporotic patients. The purpose of this literature review is to describe in vivo reaction to HAp implants and to summarise its current application in spine surgery.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma15082906