Investigating the Role of the Low-Level Jet in Two Winters Severe Dust Rising in Southwest Iran

Investigating the Role of the Low-Level Jet in Two Winters Severe Dust Rising in Southwest Iran

The dust storms with local and non-local dust sources mostly affect Khuzestan province in southwest (SW) Iran. In this study, the role of the low-level jet in the activation of the internal dust events in SW Iran during two severe dust cases was investigated. For this purpose, the fifth-generation E...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Atmosphere Vol. 15; no. 4; p. 400
Main Authors: Parno, Rahman, Meshkatee, Amir-Hussain, Mobarak Hassan, Elham, Hamzeh, Nasim Hossein, Chel Gee Ooi, Maggie, Habibi, Maral
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-04-2024
Subjects:
Atmospheric particulates
Climate and weather
Divergence zones
Drought
Dust
Dust emission
dust events
Dust particles
Dust storms
Forecasting models
Global climate
Great Depression
HYSPLIT model
Iran
Jet stream
Kinetic energy
low-level jet
Low-level jets
Meteorological research
MODIS
Precipitation
Pressure
Satellite imagery
southwest Iran
Spectroradiometers
Storms
Subtropical jet stream
Surface pressure
Synoptic analysis
Vertical distribution
Weather
Weather forecasting
Wind
Wind profiles
Wind speed
WRF-Chem model
Iran
Middle East
Saudi Arabia
Persian Gulf
Iraq
Syria
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Summary:The dust storms with local and non-local dust sources mostly affect Khuzestan province in southwest (SW) Iran. In this study, the role of the low-level jet in the activation of the internal dust events in SW Iran during two severe dust cases was investigated. For this purpose, the fifth-generation ECMWF reanalysis for the global climate and weather (ERA5) data was used to identify the synoptic patterns and the low-level jet (LLJ) characteristics in the study area. Furthermore, the images of the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor, the outputs of the hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT) model, and a weather research and forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) were used to investigate the propagation and transport of the dust particles. The results of the synoptic analysis in both dust cases show the simultaneous occurrence of the divergence zone associated with cyclonic curvature in the subtropical jet stream (STJ) at 300 hPa, causing convergence at 925 hPa, upward motion, and the development of low surface pressure in SW Iran. Examining the vertical wind profile shows the existence of the maximum horizontal wind speeds of 975 to 875 hPa, along with the positive and negative shear below and above it, respectively, which emphasizes the existence of the LLJ and its role in local dust emission. The results of the comparison between the satellite images, WRF-Chem, and HYSPLIT model outputs show the formation and transportation of dust particles from the inner regions of Khuzestan in SW Iran. The horizontal dust surface distribution, vertical raised dust mass, and kinetic energy transfers are well simulated by the WRF-Chem model when LLJ broke at 09:00 to 12:00 UTC. The most important finding of this research is that, for the first time, the role of low-level jet is investigated in the activation of internal dust events in SW Iran.
ISSN:2073-4433
2073-4433
DOI:10.3390/atmos15040400