Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is one of the ambient desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometry (MS), and it utilizes a steady-state liquid junction formed between two microcapillaries to directly extract analytes from sample surfaces with minimal sample damage. In...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 27; no. 21; p. 7582
Main Authors:	Cha, Sangwon, Jun, Gyouwoong, Park, Yougyeong, An, Sung Jun, Lee, Donghoon
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 01-11-2022 MDPI
Subjects:	Ablation ambient desorption ionization Analytical chemistry Bioflavonoids Chemicals Communication Desorption Electrospraying Ethanol Experiments Fingerprinting Fingerprints Flavones Flavonoids Hypericum Ionization Ions Leaves Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy metabolite Metabolites Monitoring nanospray desorption electrospray ionization plant Plant metabolites Scientific equipment and supplies industry Scientific imaging Solvents Spectroscopy Spectrum analysis Surface layers United States
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Summary:	Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is one of the ambient desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometry (MS), and it utilizes a steady-state liquid junction formed between two microcapillaries to directly extract analytes from sample surfaces with minimal sample damage. In this study, we employed nano-DESI MS to perform a metabolite fingerprinting analysis directly from a Hypericum leaf surface. Moreover, we investigated whether changes in metabolite fingerprints with time can be related to metabolite distribution according to depth. From a raw Hypericum leaf, the mass spectral fingerprints of key metabolites, including flavonoids and prenylated phloroglucinols, were successfully obtained using ethanol as a nano-DESI solvent, and the changes in their intensities were observed with time via full mass scan experiments. In addition, the differential extraction patterns of the obtained mass spectral fingerprints were clearly visualized over time through selected ion monitoring and pseudo-selected reaction monitoring experiments. To examine the correlation between the time-dependent changes in the metabolite fingerprints and depth-wise metabolite distribution, we performed a nano-DESI MS analysis against leaves whose surface layers were removed multiple times by forming polymeric gum Arabic films on their surfaces, followed by detaching. The preliminary results showed that the changes in the metabolite fingerprints according to the number of peelings showed a similar pattern with those obtained from the raw leaves over time.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1420-3049 1420-3049
DOI:	10.3390/molecules27217582