Modeling epileptogenesis and temporal lobe epilepsy in a non-human primate

Summary Here we describe a new non-human primate model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) to better investigate the cause/effect relationships of human TLE. Status epilepticus (SE) was induced in adult marmosets by pilocarpine injection (250 mg/kg; i.p.). The animals were divided in 2 groups: acute (8...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Epilepsy research Vol. 96; no. 1; pp. 45 - 57
Main Authors:	Perez-Mendes, P, Blanco, M.M, Calcagnotto, M.E, Cinini, S.M, Bachiega, J, Papoti, D, Covolan, L, Tannus, A, Mello, L.E
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Kidlington Elsevier B.V 01-09-2011 Elsevier
Subjects:	Analysis of Variance Animals Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use Anticonvulsants. Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents Benzoxazines Biological and medical sciences Callithrix Diazepam - therapeutic use Disease Models, Animal Disease Progression Diterpenes Electroencephalography Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - chemically induced Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - diagnosis Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - drug therapy Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - physiopathology Female Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein - metabolism Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy Hippocampus - drug effects Hippocampus - metabolism Hippocampus - pathology Limbic System - drug effects Limbic System - metabolism Limbic System - pathology Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Marmosets Medical sciences Muscarinic Agonists - toxicity Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Neurology Neuropharmacology Oxazines Pharmacology. Drug treatments Phosphopyruvate Hydratase - metabolism Pilocarpine Pilocarpine - toxicity Status epilepticus Temporal lobe epilepsy Marmosets Temporal lobe epilepsy Pilocarpine Status epilepticus Antiglaucomatous agent Human Agonist Nervous system diseases Furan derivatives Complex partial epilepsy Modeling Parasympathomimetic Cerebral disorder Cholinergic receptor Vertebrata Mammalia Subintrant crisis Central nervous system disease Primates Muscarinic receptor
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Summary:	Summary Here we describe a new non-human primate model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) to better investigate the cause/effect relationships of human TLE. Status epilepticus (SE) was induced in adult marmosets by pilocarpine injection (250 mg/kg; i.p.). The animals were divided in 2 groups: acute (8 h post-SE) and chronic (3 and 5 months post-SE). To manage the severity of SE, animals received diazepam 5 min after the SE onset (acute group: 2.5 or 1.25 mg/kg; i.p.; chronic group/; 1.25 mg/kg; i.p). All animals were monitored by video and electrocorticography to assess SE and subsequent spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS). To evaluate brain injury produced by SE or SRS we used argyrophil III, Nissl and neo-Timm staining techniques. Magnetic resonance image was also performed in the chronic group. We observed that pilocarpine was able to induce SE followed by SRS after a variable period of time. Prolonged SE episodes were associated with brain damage, mostly confined to the hippocampus and limbic structures. Similar to human TLE, anatomical disruption of dentate gyrus was observed after SRS. Our data suggest that pilocarpine marmoset model of epilepsy has great resemblance to human TLE, and could provide new tools to further evaluate the subtle changes associated with human epilepsy.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0920-1211 1872-6844
DOI:	10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.04.015