Spatial variability in herbaceous plant phenology is mostly explained by variability in temperature but also by photoperiod and functional traits

Spatial variability in herbaceous plant phenology is mostly explained by variability in temperature but also by photoperiod and functional traits

Whereas temporal variability of plant phenology in response to climate change has already been well studied, the spatial variability of phenology is not well understood. Given that phenological shifts may affect biotic interactions, there is a need to investigate how the variability in environmental...

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Published in:International journal of biometeorology Vol. 68; no. 4; pp. 761 - 775
Main Authors: Rauschkolb, Robert, Bucher, Solveig Franziska, Hensen, Isabell, Ahrends, Antje, Fernández-Pascual, Eduardo, Heubach, Katja, Jakubka, Desiree, Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, König, Andreas, Koubek, Tomáš, Kehl, Alexandra, Khuroo, Anzar A., Lindstädter, Anja, Shafee, Faizan, Mašková, Tereza, Platonova, Elena, Panico, Patrizia, Plos, Carolin, Primack, Richard, Rosche, Christoph, Shah, Manzoor A., Sporbert, Maria, Stevens, Albert-Dieter, Tarquini, Flavio, Tielbörger, Katja, Träger, Sabrina, Vange, Vibekke, Weigelt, Patrick, Bonn, Aletta, Freiberg, Martin, Knickmann, Barbara, Nordt, Birgit, Wirth, Christian, Römermann, Christine
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-04-2024
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Animal Physiology
Biological and Medical Physics
Biophysics
Botanical gardens
Climate change
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Environmental factors
Environmental Health
Environmental parameters
Flowering
Future climates
Leaf area
Leaves
Meteorology
Original Paper
Phenology
Photoperiods
Plant phenology
Plant Physiology
Plants (botany)
Regression analysis
Spatial variability
Species
Temporal variability
Variability
Flowering onset
Climate change
Spatial variability
PhenObs
Functional traits
Botanical garden
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Summary:Whereas temporal variability of plant phenology in response to climate change has already been well studied, the spatial variability of phenology is not well understood. Given that phenological shifts may affect biotic interactions, there is a need to investigate how the variability in environmental factors relates to the spatial variability in herbaceous species’ phenology by at the same time considering their functional traits to predict their general and species-specific responses to future climate change. In this project, we analysed phenology records of 148 herbaceous species, which were observed for a single year by the PhenObs network in 15 botanical gardens. For each species, we characterised the spatial variability in six different phenological stages across gardens. We used boosted regression trees to link these variabilities in phenology to the variability in environmental parameters (temperature, latitude and local habitat conditions) as well as species traits (seed mass, vegetative height, specific leaf area and temporal niche) hypothesised to be related to phenology variability. We found that spatial variability in the phenology of herbaceous species was mainly driven by the variability in temperature but also photoperiod was an important driving factor for some phenological stages. In addition, we found that early-flowering and less competitive species characterised by small specific leaf area and vegetative height were more variable in their phenology. Our findings contribute to the field of phenology by showing that besides temperature, photoperiod and functional traits are important to be included when spatial variability of herbaceous species is investigated.
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ISSN:0020-7128
1432-1254
DOI:10.1007/s00484-024-02621-9