Nitric Oxide Synthase in Gingival Tissues of Patients With Chronic Periodontitis and With and Without Diabetes

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the gingival tissues of periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes to assess whether NO plays a role in the severity of periodontitis in patients with diabetes. Patients wit...

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Published in:	Journal of periodontology (1970) Vol. 81; no. 1; pp. 109 - 120
Main Authors:	Pan, Zeynep, Guzeldemir, Esra, Toygar, Hilal Uslu, Bal, Nebil, Bulut, Sule
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Chicago, IL American Academy of Periodontology 01-01-2010
Subjects:	Adult Aged Analysis of Variance Biological and medical sciences Blood Glucose - metabolism Case-Control Studies Chi-Square Distribution Chronic periodontitis Chronic Periodontitis - complications Chronic Periodontitis - enzymology Chronic Periodontitis - pathology Cross-Sectional Studies Dentistry diabetes mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - enzymology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - immunology Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinopathies Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology Female gingiva Gingiva - enzymology Gingiva - pathology Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism Humans Immunohistochemistry Male Medical sciences Middle Aged nitric oxide nitric oxide synthase Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - metabolism Non tumoral diseases Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology Periodontium - enzymology Periodontium - pathology Reference Values Severity of Illness Index Sex Factors Endocrinopathy Human Chronic periodontitis Enzyme Stomatology Diabetes mellitus Dentistry Nitric-oxide synthase Tissue Periodontal disease Chronic Periodontitis Nitric oxide Oxidoreductases nitric oxide synthase Gingiva
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Summary:	Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the gingival tissues of periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes to assess whether NO plays a role in the severity of periodontitis in patients with diabetes. Patients with diabetes and healthy patients were used as controls. Methods: A total of 80 patients were evaluated in four groups (with 20 subjects each): patients with chronic periodontitis and diabetes (12 males and eight females; mean age, 52.1 ± 6.9 years), patients with chronic periodontitis who were otherwise healthy (12 males and eight females; mean age, 43.1 ± 8.9 years), periodontally healthy patients with diabetes (12 males and eight females; mean age 50.9 ± 6.3 years), and systemically and periodontally healthy control subjects (12 males and eight females; mean age 29.8 ± 9.2 years). Periodontal parameters were recorded. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect inflammation and iNOS expression in gingival tissues. Results: Although periodontal parameters were slightly higher in periodontitis compared to diabetic periodontitis, immunohistochemical parameters were higher in diabetic periodontitis compared to periodontitis. All periodontal parameters were higher in patients with periodontitis and with/without diabetes compared to controls and patients with diabetes. All immunohistochemical parameters were higher in patients with diabetes and periodontitis compared to patients with only diabetes or periodontitis, but there was no difference between the latter two groups. There was a correlation between the expression of iNOS and inflammatory cells in controls, patients with diabetes, and patients with periodontitis but not in patients with diabetes and periodontitis. Conclusions: Inflammation and iNOS expression were more prominent in the gingiva of the patients with both diabetes and periodontitis. However, iNOS expression did not seem to have an additional detrimental effect on the course of periodontitis in patients with diabetes compared to those with periodontitis alone.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-3492 1943-3670
DOI:	10.1902/jop.2009.090454