Implications of Profile Mineral Nitrogen in an Irrigated Project Area of Southern Turkey

With intensification of agricultural production based on irrigation, management of required inputs such as nitrogen (N) is vital from economic and environmental standpoints. Ideally, the applied N has to be most efficiently used by the crop, and loss of N from cropped land has to be eliminated or mi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis Vol. 44; no. 1-4; pp. 783 - 793
Main Authors:	Karnez, E, Ibrikci, H, Cetin, M, Ryan, J, Dingil, M, Oztekin, M. E, Korkmaz, K
Format:	Journal Article Conference Proceeding
Language:	English
Published:	Philadelphia, PA Taylor & Francis Group 2013 Taylor & Francis Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects:	Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Biological and medical sciences drainage Fertilizer N recommendations fertilizer rates Fertilizers Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General agronomy. Plant production irrigated soils irrigation management Mediterranean agriculture Nitrates Nitrogen nitrogen fertilizers Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizations residual N soil N testing soil profiles Soil science Soil sciences soil water Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments water pollution water salinity Turkey (country) Turkey Nitrogen fertilization Irrigation Fertilizer N recommendations Mediterranean agriculture Recommendation Fertilizers Project Soils soil N testing Inorganic nitrogen irrigated soils Agriculture Mediterranean region residual N
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Summary:	With intensification of agricultural production based on irrigation, management of required inputs such as nitrogen (N) is vital from economic and environmental standpoints. Ideally, the applied N has to be most efficiently used by the crop, and loss of N from cropped land has to be eliminated or minimized to avoid water pollution. As both nitrate (NO₃) and ammonium (NH₄) in the soil profile are plant available, it is termed mineral N (Nmin, NO₃-N + NH₄-N), and has to be considered in making fertilizer recommendations. Despite the development of irrigation schemes in Turkey and the associated intensity of cropping, there is little rational basis for N fertilizer application rates. Thus, in the Akarsu Irrigation District (9,495 ha) in the Seyhan Plain of southern Turkey, we sampled soils with profile depth of 0–90 cm at points adjacent to 107 drainage observation wells, once in 2009 and again in 2010, and analyzed the samples for NO₃ and NH₄. Maps were prepared based on inverse-distance-weighted interpolation. In the surface horizon, NO₃-N concentrations were 82.8 and 57.8 mg kg⁻¹ compared to the ammonium values of 3.1 and 2.6 mg kg⁻¹in consecutive two years. Although NO₃ was considerably greater than NH₄ in all cases, both forms decreased with depth. Though this broad survey established some high levels of N in the soil (110 and 106.6 kg Nmin ha⁻¹in 2009 and 2010), which would require applying less fertilizer N, there was no evident relationship with soil or cropping practices, which would require detailed N-budget analysis for each field or crop. For effective management of such irrigation schemes to reduce N loads in drainage waters, soil N is only part of a strategy that includes N in groundwater, soil and water salinity, and effective drainage.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2013.748861 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	1532-2416 0010-3624 1532-2416 1532-4133
DOI:	10.1080/00103624.2013.748861