Characterization of the first vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus genomes isolated in Brazil

Characterization of the first vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus genomes isolated in Brazil

is the dominant species in the vaginal microbiota associated with health and considered a homeostasis biomarker. Interestingly, some strains are even used as probiotics. However, the genetic mechanisms of involved in the control of the vaginal microbiome and protection against bacterial vaginosis (B...

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Published in:PeerJ (San Francisco, CA) Vol. 9; p. e11079
Main Authors: Oliveira de Almeida, Marcelle, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Figueira Aburjaile, Flavia, Malcher Miranda, Fabio, Canário Cerqueira, Janaína, Brenig, Bertram, Ghosh, Preetam, Ramos, Rommel, Kato, Rodrigo Bentes, de Castro Soares, Siomar, Silva, Artur, Azevedo, Vasco, Canário Viana, Marcus Vinicius
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States PeerJ, Inc 10-03-2021
PeerJ Inc
Subjects:
Acid production
Antimicrobial resistance
Bacteriocins
Bioinformatics
Comparative analysis
Dominant species
Electron microscopy
Genetic analysis
Genome-wide association studies
Genomes
Genomics
Gynecology and Obstetrics
Hemolysins
Homeostasis
Hydrogen peroxide
Insertion
Insertion sequences
Lactic acid
Lactobacillus
Lactobacillus crispatus
Microbiology
Microbiota
Molecular Biology
Pathogens
Phages
Phylogeny
Plasmids
Positive selection
Probiotics
Prophages
Putrescine
Strains (organisms)
Vagina
Vaginosis
Women’s Health
Brazil
Netherlands
France
United States > US
Genomics
Lactobacillus
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Summary:is the dominant species in the vaginal microbiota associated with health and considered a homeostasis biomarker. Interestingly, some strains are even used as probiotics. However, the genetic mechanisms of involved in the control of the vaginal microbiome and protection against bacterial vaginosis (BV) are not entirely known. To further investigate these mechanisms, we sequenced and characterized the first four genomes from vaginal samples from Brazilian women and used genome-wide association study (GWAS) and comparative analyses to identify genetic mechanisms involved in healthy or BV conditions and selective pressures acting in the vaginal microbiome. The four genomes were sequenced, assembled using ten different strategies and automatically annotated. The functional characterization was performed by bioinformatics tools comparing with known probiotic strains. Moreover, it was selected one representative strain ( CRI4) for in vitro detection of phages by electron microscopy. Evolutionary analysis, including phylogeny, GWAS and positive selection were performed using 46 public genomes strains representing health and BV conditions. Genes involved in probiotic effects such as lactic acid production, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins, and adhesin were identified. Three hemolysins and putrescine production were predicted, although these features are also present in other probiotic strains. The four genomes presented no plasmids, but 14 known families insertion sequences and several prophages were detected. However, none of the mobile genetic elements contained antimicrobial resistance genes. The genomes harbor a CRISPR-Cas subtype II-A system that is probably inactivated due to fragmentation of the genes and . No genomic feature was associated with a health condition, perhaps due to its multifactorial characteristic. Five genes were identified as under positive selection, but the selective pressure remains to be discovered. In conclusion, the Brazilian strains investigated in this study present potential protective properties, although in vitro and in vivo studies are required to confirm their efficacy and safety to be considered for human use.
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ISSN:2167-8359
2167-8359
DOI:10.7717/peerj.11079