High rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in a Brazilian Intensive Care Unit

High rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in a Brazilian Intensive Care Unit

To evaluate the colonisation rate of Staphylococcus aureus in the oropharynx and the insertion site of central venous catheters in intensive care unit patients. Cross-sectional study. Brazilian intensive care unit. Samples were collected from October to December 2015 from the oropharyngeal cavity an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Intensive & critical care nursing Vol. 49; pp. 51 - 57
Main Authors: Oliveira, Daniele Martins de Sousa, Andrade, Daniela Furtado Rodrigues de, Ibiapina, Aline Raquel de Sousa, Gomes, Helen Maria da Silva, Nolêto, Isabela Ribeiro de Sá Guimarães, Magalhães, Rosilane de Lima Brito, Barreto, Humberto Medeiros, Oliveira, Isaniel Pereira de, Santos, Paulo César dos, Freitas, Daniela Reis Joaquim de, Moura, Maria Eliete Batista
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-12-2018
Elsevier Limited
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Brazil - epidemiology
Catheterization
Catheters
Colonisation
Critical Care Nursing
Cross Infection - epidemiology
Cross Infection - microbiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Drug resistance
Female
Healthcare-associated infections
Hospitalization
Humans
Infection Control
Intensive care
Intensive Care Units
Male
Methicillin
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification
Microbiology
Middle Aged
MRSA
Nosocomial infections
Nursing
Oropharynx - microbiology
Patients
Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology
Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology
Staphylococcal Infections - nursing
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus infections
Vancomycin
Brazil
Microbiology
Colonisation
Staphylococcus aureus
Healthcare-associated infections
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Summary:To evaluate the colonisation rate of Staphylococcus aureus in the oropharynx and the insertion site of central venous catheters in intensive care unit patients. Cross-sectional study. Brazilian intensive care unit. Samples were collected from October to December 2015 from the oropharyngeal cavity and central venous catheter insertion site of 110 patients. Samples that presented growth of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and their sensitivity profiles were tested for several antimicrobials. The study participants (110) were mostly females older than 60 years (53.6%). The mean length of hospitalisation was 15.5 days (±31.3). A total of 188 biological samples were collected: 110 collected from the oropharynx and 78 from the central venous catheter insertion site. A 35% (n = 38/110) S. aureus colonisation rate of the patients was observed in at least one collection site. In the oropharynx alone, a 31% rate (n = 34/110) was found, and a 12.8% rate (n = 10/78) at central venous catheter insertion sites only. MRSA colonisation in the oropharynx or at the central venous catheter occurred in 29 (26.4%) patients and vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was present in 24 (22.4%) of the patients studied. Patients hospitalised for seven days or more were 4.8 times more likely to be colonised compared to patients hospitalised less than seven days (95% CI = 1.2–28.5). The oropharynx and the central venous catheter are important reservoirs of this bacterium that in critical conditions may become pathogenic. The data showed a high degree of resistance of the bacterial populations isolated to different drugs, which may hinder the control of these organisms.
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ISSN:0964-3397
1532-4036
DOI:10.1016/j.iccn.2018.08.003