Ameliorative potential of ethanol leaf extract of Ficus exasperata in acetaminophen-induced toxicity in albino rats

The leaf of Ficus exasperata has been used locally in managing liver toxicity. Hence, this study was designed to assess the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Ficus exasperata in acetaminophen (paracetamol)-induced albino rats. Hence, qualitative phytochemical screening and HPLC analysis of this extr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Comparative clinical pathology Vol. 32; no. 1; pp. 99 - 108
Main Authors:	Bamisaye, Fisayo A., Ajiboye, Basiru O., Falode, John O., Oluwajobi, Ayoola O., Faleye, Ifeoluwa B., Ibitoye, Oluwatosin O., Omofemide, Simisola M., Kolawole, Yemi B., Olawoye, Kayode E.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Springer London 01-02-2023 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Acetaminophen Analgesics Body weight Caryophyllene Creatinine Ethanol Ficus exasperata Flavonoids Hematology High-performance liquid chromatography Kidneys Leaves Liver Medicine Medicine & Public Health Oncology Original Article Paracetamol Pathology Phytochemicals Plant extracts Quercetin Saponins Toxicity Uric acid Albino rats Extract Acetaminophen Toxicity Ethanolic
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Summary:	The leaf of Ficus exasperata has been used locally in managing liver toxicity. Hence, this study was designed to assess the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Ficus exasperata in acetaminophen (paracetamol)-induced albino rats. Hence, qualitative phytochemical screening and HPLC analysis of this extract were carried out using an established protocol. Toxicity was achieved when 2 g/kg body weight of acetaminophen was administered to the albino rats. In addition, different biochemical parameters of liver and kidney were assessed to determine the efficacy of ethanol leaf extract of Ficus exasperata in acetaminophen-induced albino rats. The results obtained showed that phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phlobatannins, phenols, terpenoids and reducing sugars were detected. The HPLC further revealed compounds such as orientin, α-caryophyllene, quercetin and myricetin, among others. Furthermore, for in vivo studies, there was a significant ( P < 0.05) reduction in the activities of ALP, AST and ALT as well as concentrations of uric acid, urea and creatinine kinase when compared with positive control. Also, a significant ( P < 0.05) increase in the activities of antioxidant biomarkers in both liver and kidney of the acetaminophen-induced albino rats administered extract in groups III–VIII were observed when compared with the positive control group I. The extracts were able to reverse the damage caused in the histopathological architectures of the liver and kidney of acetaminophen-induced albino rats. The ethanol leaf extract of F. exasperata was able to ameliorate the toxicity induced by acetaminophen in rats. This observation therefore supports its traditional use in the treatment of liver problems.
ISSN:	1618-565X 1618-5641 1618-565X
DOI:	10.1007/s00580-022-03419-0