Sleep quality and associated factors among patients with chronic kidney disease in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Sleep quality and associated factors among patients with chronic kidney disease in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivePoor sleep quality adversely affects the overall well-being and outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it has not been well studied in Africans with CKD. We determined the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors among patients with CKD.DesignThis wa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMJ open Vol. 13; no. 12; p. e074025
Main Authors: Adejumo, Oluseyi Ademola, Edeki, Imuetinyan Rashida, Mamven, Manmak, Oguntola, Olawale Stephen, Okoye, Ogochukwu Chinedum, Akinbodewa, Akinwumi Ayodeji, Okaka, Enajite Ibiene, Ahmed, Sulaiman Dazumi, Egbi, Oghenekaro Gódwin, Falade, Joshua, Dada, Samuel Ayokunle, Ogiator, Monday Ogiagah, Okoh, Barbara
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England British Medical Journal Publishing Group 01-12-2023
BMJ Publishing Group LTD
BMJ Publishing Group
Series:Original research
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Anemia - complications
Anemia - epidemiology
Anxiety
Chronic illnesses
Chronic renal failure
Cross-Sectional Studies
Data analysis
Diabetes
Female
Hemodialysis
Humans
Hypertension
Kidney diseases
Male
Mental depression
Mental health
Middle Aged
Nephrology
Nigeria - epidemiology
Patients
Prevalence
Quality of Life
Questionnaires
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology
Renal Medicine
Sample size
Sleep
Sleep medicine
Sleep Quality
Sociodemographics
Nigeria
Quality of Life
Sleep medicine
Chronic renal failure
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Summary:ObjectivePoor sleep quality adversely affects the overall well-being and outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it has not been well studied in Africans with CKD. We determined the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors among patients with CKD.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study that involved patients with CKD .SettingsThe study was carried out in the outpatient clinic of nine hospitals in Nigeria.MethodsSleep quality, depressive and anxiety symptoms and quality of life (QoL) were assessed among 307 patients with CKD using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale Questionnaire and 12-item Short Form Health Survey Quality of Life Questionnaire, respectively. The prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors were determined. A p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsThe mean age of the study participants was 51.40±15.17 years. The male:female ratio was 1.5:1 One hundred and twenty-one (39.4%) of the patients were on maintenance haemodialysis (MHD). The prevalence of poor sleep quality, anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms among the patients was 50.2%, 37.8% and 17.6%, respectively. The prevalence of poor sleep quality in the CKD stages 3, 4, 5 and 5D was 38.1%, 42.6%, 52.2% and 58.7%, respectively. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was significantly higher in MHD patients compared with predialysis CKD (59.5% vs 43.6%; p=0.008). Factors associated with poor sleep quality were CKD stage (p=0.035), anaemia (p=0.003), pruritus (p=0.045), anxiety symptoms (p≤0.001), depressive symptoms (p≤0.001) and reduced QoL (p≤0.001). On multivariate analysis, factors associated with poor sleep were anxiety (AOR 2.19; 95% CI 1.27 to 3.79; p=0.005), anaemia (AOR 5.49; 95% CI 1.43 to 21.00;p=0.013) and reduced physical component of QoL (AOR 4.11; 95% CI 1.61 to 10.47; p=0.003).ConclusionPoor sleep quality is common among patients with CKD especially in the advanced stage. The significant factors associated with poor sleep quality were QoL, anaemia and anxiety symptoms. These factors should be adequately managed to improve the overall outcomes of patients with CKD.
Bibliography:Original research
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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content type line 23
ISSN:2044-6055
2044-6055
DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074025