Antistress Effects of Terpinen-4-ol and Compounds of Mimicked Yuzu Synthetic Fragrance in Humans and Mice

Antistress Effects of Terpinen-4-ol and Compounds of Mimicked Yuzu Synthetic Fragrance in Humans and Mice

This study investigated the antistress effects of yuzu synthetic fragrances by employing three experiments on humans and mice using two yuzu synthetic fragrances and five single compounds. We prepared two synthetic fragrances based on the component analysis of two natural yuzu essential oils extract...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Foods Vol. 13; no. 19; p. 3051
Main Authors: Kitamoto, Takuma, Mizushige, Takafumi, Xie, Xiaonan, Uematsu, Taisei, Ogura, Risako, Sato, Kakeru, Yamazaki, Yuki, Matsushita, Tsubasa, Hasegawa, Hiroshi
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 25-09-2024
MDPI
Subjects:
Animal experimentation
antistress
Brain
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Citrus fruits
Cold
Essential oils
Experiments
Fragrances
Growth factors
Heart beat
Heart rate
Inhalation
Instrument industry
International economic relations
Mental disorders
Methods
Nerve growth factor
Neurotrophin 3
Oils & fats
Physiology
Reducing agents
Respiration
Stress (Psychology)
synthetic fragrance
terpinen-4-ol
Terpinene
Time measurement
yuzu
United States
Japan
United States > US
terpinen-4-ol
antistress
synthetic fragrance
yuzu
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Summary:This study investigated the antistress effects of yuzu synthetic fragrances by employing three experiments on humans and mice using two yuzu synthetic fragrances and five single compounds. We prepared two synthetic fragrances based on the component analysis of two natural yuzu essential oils extracted by cold-pressed and steam-distilled extraction methods. Chromogranin A (CgA) and heart rate (HR) were used as stress indices in human experiments. Immobility time during the forced swim test was used as a stress index in mice experiments. We analyzed brain mechanisms by measuring the expression of neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in the mice experiments. Synthetic yuzu fragrance mimicked steam-distilled oil (SD) significantly reduced participants' heart rate in experiment 1. In the forced swim test conducted in experiment 2, SD significantly reduced immobility time, and increased the expression of neurotrophic factors BDNF, NGF, and NT-3 in the hippocampus of mice. In experiment 3, focusing on single compounds, terpinen-4-ol significantly reduced immobility time in the forced swim test. These findings indicate that inhalation of SD and terpinen-4-ol has antistress effects. Terpinen-4-ol is a strong candidate for further investigation as a potential stress-reducing agent.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:2304-8158
2304-8158
DOI:10.3390/foods13193051