Microplastics and chemical contamination in aquaculture ecosystems: The role of climate change and implications for food safety—a review

The aquaculture industry is growing rapidly and plays a huge role in bridging the global demand gap for fish and other aquatic foods. It is a vital contributor of valuable nutrients and economic benefits. Aquaculture and fisheries provide a means of livelihood to an estimated 58.5 million people glo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental sciences Europe Vol. 36; no. 1; pp. 181 - 17
Main Authors:	Fred-Ahmadu, Omowunmi H., Ahmadu, Frederick O., Adedapo, Adebusayo E., Oghenovo, Itebimien, Ogunmodede, Oluwafemi T., Benson, Nsikak U.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 14-10-2024 Springer Nature B.V SpringerOpen
Subjects:	Aquaculture Aquatic ecosystems Blue foods Chemical contaminants Chemical contamination Chemical pollution Climate change Coexistence Contaminants Contamination Earth and Environmental Science Ecosystems Ecotoxicology Environment Fate and Effects of Micro(Nano)plastics in the Context of Research and Regulation Fish feed Fisheries Food contamination Food contamination & poisoning Food industry Food safety Food web Global climate Microplastics Nutrients Plastic debris Plastic pollution Plastics Pollution POPs Review Risk assessment SDGs Sustainability Food web SDGs Blue foods Sustainability POPs Fish feed
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Summary:	The aquaculture industry is growing rapidly and plays a huge role in bridging the global demand gap for fish and other aquatic foods. It is a vital contributor of valuable nutrients and economic benefits. Aquaculture and fisheries provide a means of livelihood to an estimated 58.5 million people globally, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation. However, the sector is impacted by the ubiquity of microplastics and toxic chemicals. Although many studies have reported plastic pollution in the aquaculture environment, less attention has been paid to the coexistence of toxic chemicals with plastic particles and the role of climate change in aquaculture food contamination. This review evaluates the occurrence of microplastics in organisms, feeds, water, and sediment in the aquaculture ecosystem and the detection and hazardous effects of toxic chemical contaminants. We also highlight novel insights into the role of climate change in plastic and chemical contamination of aquaculture organisms and ecosystems. We report that the extent of aquaculture’s contribution to global climate change and global plastic pollution is yet to be adequately quantified and requires further investigation for appropriate risk assessment and prevention of food safety crisis. Possible mitigation strategies for the highlighted pollution problems were suggested, and some identified gaps for future research were indicated. Overall, this work is one of the first efforts to assess the influence of climate change on aquaculture food contamination, emphasising its effects on food safety and ecosystem health. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:	2190-4715 2190-4715
DOI:	10.1186/s12302-024-00995-6