Rapid Increases in Overweight and Obesity Among South African Adolescents: Comparison of Data From the South African National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey in 2002 and 2008

To aid future policy and intervention initiatives, we studied the prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among participants in the South African National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey in 2002 and 2008. The survey collected data from nationally representative cross-sectional samples of stu...

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Published in:	American journal of public health (1971) Vol. 102; no. 2; pp. 262 - 268
Main Authors:	REDDY, Sasiragha P, RESNICOW, Ken, JAMES, Shamagonam, FUNANI, Itumeleng N, KAMBARAN, Nilen S, OMARDIEN, Riyadh G, MASUKA, Pardon, SEWPAUL, Ronel, VAUGHAN, Roger D, MBEWU, Anthony
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, DC American Public Health Association 01-02-2012
Subjects:	Adolescent Age Factors Biological and medical sciences Body Weights and Measures Child Children & youth Continental Population Groups - statistics & numerical data Cross-Sectional Studies Female General aspects Health Surveys Humans Male Medical sciences Metabolic diseases Miscellaneous Obesity Obesity - epidemiology Overweight - epidemiology Overweight - ethnology Public health Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Research and Practice Risk-Taking Rural Population - statistics & numerical data Sex Factors Socioeconomic Factors South Africa - epidemiology Students Studies Teenagers Urban Population - statistics & numerical data South Africa Africa Human Obesity Body weight Nutrition disorder Corporal biometry Increase Risk taking Overweight Adolescent Behavior Nutritional status Comparative study Public health
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Summary:	To aid future policy and intervention initiatives, we studied the prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among participants in the South African National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey in 2002 and 2008. The survey collected data from nationally representative cross-sectional samples of students in grades 8 through 11 (n = 9491 in 2002 and 9442 in 2008) by questionnaire and measurement of height and weight. We stratified data on overweight and obesity rates by age, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity. Among male adolescents, overweight rates increased from 6.3% in 2002 to 11.0% in 2008 (P < .01); among female adolescents, overweight rates increased from 24.3% in 2002 to 29.0% in 2008 (P < .01). Obesity rates more than doubled among male adolescents from 1.6% in 2002 to 3.3% in 2008 (P < .01) and rose from 5.0% to 7.5% among female adolescents (P < .01). We observed a dose-response relationship in overweight and obesity rates across socioeconomic categories. Rates of overweight and obesity were significantly higher among urban youths than among rural youths (P < .01). South Africa is experiencing a chronic disease risk transition. Further research is needed to better understand and effectively address this rapid change.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Peer Reviewed S. P. Reddy, K. Resnicow, N. S. Kambaran, R. G. Omardien, P. Masuka, R. Sewpaul, R. D. Vaughan, and A. Mbewu carried out the statistical analysis. S. P. Reddy, K. Resnicow, N. S. Kambaran, and R. G. Omardien contributed to the design of the study. S. P. Reddy, S. James, I. N. Funani, and R. Sewpaul collected data. S. P. Reddy, K. Resnicow, S. James, I. N. Funani, N. S. Kambaran, R. G. Omardien, and A. Mbewu drafted the article. S. P. Reddy, S. James, and I. N. Funani supervised the study and provided technical and administrative support. S. P. Reddy is the guarantor, had full access to the data in the study, and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors interpreted results, revised the article, and approved the final version. Contributors
ISSN:	0090-0036 1541-0048
DOI:	10.2105/AJPH.2011.300222