Cladogenesis in a starfish species complex from southern Australia: evidence for vicariant speciation?

Cladogenesis in a starfish species complex from southern Australia: evidence for vicariant speciation?

DNA sequencing (cytochrome oxidase I; 82 sequences; 25 locations) of a species complex of Australian six-rayed sea-stars (genus Patiriella) reveals four well-supported mtDNA clades, corresponding to P. oriens, P. occidens, P. medius, and P. gunnii. These clades have non-random geographic distributio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular phylogenetics and evolution Vol. 32; no. 1; pp. 236 - 245
Main Authors: Waters, Jonathan M., O’Loughlin, P.Mark, Roy, Michael S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-07-2004
Subjects:
Actin
Actins - genetics
Animals
Asteroidea
Australia
Base Pair Mismatch
Biogeography
Coalescence
DNA - genetics
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Ecology
Environment
Evolution, Molecular
Genetic Variation
Geography
Likelihood Functions
Marine
mtDNA
Patiriella
Phylogeny
Speciation
Species Specificity
Starfish - genetics
Temperature
Vicariance
Australia
ISW, Australia, Great Australian Bight
Australia Coasts
Biogeography
Vicariance
Coalescence
mtDNA
Actin
Speciation
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Summary:DNA sequencing (cytochrome oxidase I; 82 sequences; 25 locations) of a species complex of Australian six-rayed sea-stars (genus Patiriella) reveals four well-supported mtDNA clades, corresponding to P. oriens, P. occidens, P. medius, and P. gunnii. These clades have non-random geographic distributions along an east to west axis that are broadly consistent with the biogeographic provinces of southern Australia proposed by Bennett and Pope (1953). The taxa are deeply divergent (minimum 7.5%) and are estimated to have originated during the late Pliocene. By contrast, intra-clade divergences are small, typically less than 1.0%. Phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA provides strong support for the combined monophyly of multicoloured forms ( P. oriens, P. occidens, and P. medius; 100% bootstrap support) and suggests that P. medius (central) and P. occidens (western) may be sister taxa (up to 76% bootstrap support). Maximum likelihood analysis of nuclear DNA sequences (actin; 1437 bp) yields an optimal tree largely consistent with mtDNA groupings, but with little bootstrap support. The biogeographic distribution of P. oriens (eastern) and P. occidens (western) is roughly consistent with a vicariant model involving allopatric divergence during glaciation. In addition, we propose that the Great Australian Bight may also have retained isolated populations during glacial periods, perhaps explaining the “central” distributions of P. gunnii and P. medius.
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ISSN:1055-7903
1095-9513
DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2003.11.014