Involvement of Potassium Channels, Nitric Oxide Synthase, and Guanylate Cyclase in the Spasmolytic Effect of Simaba ferruginea A.St.-Hil on Rat Isolated Ileum

Background and Aim Simaba ferruginea A.St.-Hil. Popularly known as “calunga,” is a typical Brazilian cerrado plant whose rhizomes are popular for treating diarrhea. Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the spasmolytic activity and the antidiarrheal effect of the ethanolic extract obtained from...

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Published in:	Digestive diseases and sciences Vol. 64; no. 11; pp. 3104 - 3114
Main Authors:	Almendra, Rafael B., da Fonseca, Oscar C., Nunes, Daniel B., da Silva, Tayane Izabely N., Oliveira, Jéssica Sara de S. M., Chaves, Mariana Helena, de Oliveira, Aldeídia P., dos Santos, Rosimeire F., Oliveira, Rita de Cássia M.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 01-11-2019 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Animals Biochemistry Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Gastroenterology Guanylate Cyclase - metabolism Hepatology Ileum - drug effects Ileum - metabolism Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Muscle Relaxants, Central - isolation & purification Muscle Relaxants, Central - pharmacology Nitric oxide Nitric Oxide Synthase - metabolism Oncology Organ Culture Techniques Original Article Parasympatholytics - pharmacology Plant Extracts - isolation & purification Plant Extracts - pharmacology Plant Leaves Potassium Potassium channels Potassium Channels - metabolism Rats Rats, Wistar Rodents Simaroubaceae Transplant Surgery Medicinal plants Rat ileum Potassium channels Nitric oxide
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Summary:	Background and Aim Simaba ferruginea A.St.-Hil. Popularly known as “calunga,” is a typical Brazilian cerrado plant whose rhizomes are popular for treating diarrhea. Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the spasmolytic activity and the antidiarrheal effect of the ethanolic extract obtained from S. ferruginea (Sf-EtOH). Methods Ileal segments (1–2 cm) from male Wistar rats were mounted in isolated organ baths and connected to a force transducer, and then to an amplifier which was connected to a computer (AVS Projetos/São Paulo-SP). After stabilization for 60 min, under tension (1 gf), two submaximal contractions were induced with KCl 40 mM or carbachol 10 −6 M on ileal segments. During the third tonic and sustained contraction, Sf-EtOH was added in cumulative concentrations to the organ bath. Incubations with L-NAME (10 −4 M), ODQ (10 −5 M), TEA + (5 or 1 mM), glibenclamide (10 −5 M), or apamine (100 nM) were prepared ( n = 5), separately and used to verify the involvement of the nitric oxide synthase, guanylate cyclase, and potassium channels in the relaxing effect. The results were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean and were statistically evaluated using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test, when necessary * p < 0.05. Results Sf-EtOH promotes relaxation on rat isolated ileum pre-contracted with CCh and KCl in a concentration-dependent manner. Sf-EtOH also inhibited ileum contractions against cumulative concentrations of carbachol (CCh), KCl, and CaCl 2 , shifting the curves to the right in a non-parallel manner with an E max reduction. In the presence of potassium channel blockers, Sf-EtOH shifted the curves to the right with a reduction of E max , suggesting the involvement of BK Ca , K ATP , and SK Ca in its spasmolytic effect. In the presence of L-NAME or ODQ, the relaxation curves were shifted to the right, suggesting the involvement of this pathway in Sf-EtOH spasmolytic effect. Conclusions Sf-EtOH acts in a concentration-dependent manner, involving the positive modulation of K + channels and NO pathway.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0163-2116 1573-2568
DOI:	10.1007/s10620-019-05667-7