Predictors of subjective and objective quality of life in outpatients with schizophrenia

Aim: In recent years, greater attention has been given to quality of life (QOL) in schizophrenia and several studies reported that negative and depressive symptoms and cognitive dysfunction are related to patient QOL. But because a variety of QOL measures have been used in the previous studies, the...

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Published in:	Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences Vol. 62; no. 4; pp. 404 - 411
Main Authors:	Yamauchi, Ken, Aki, Hirofumi, Tomotake, Masahito, Iga, Jun‐Ichi, Numata, Syusuke, Motoki, Ikuyo, Izaki, Yumiko, Tayoshi, Shinya, Kinouchi, Sawako, Sumitani, Satsuki, Tayoshi, Sumiko, Takikawa, Yumiko, Kaneda, Yasuhiro, Taniguchi, Takahide, Ishimoto, Yasuhito, Ueno, Syu‐Ichi, Ohmori, Tetsuro
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Melbourne, Australia Blackwell Publishing Asia 01-08-2008 Blackwell Publishing
Subjects:	Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Affective Symptoms - drug therapy Affective Symptoms - psychology Ambulatory Care Antipsychotic Agents - adverse effects Antipsychotic Agents - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences Cognition Disorders - diagnosis Cognition Disorders - psychology cognitive dysfunction Depression depressive and negative symptoms Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced - diagnosis Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced - psychology Female Humans Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Mood disorders Motivation objective quality of life Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychoses Quality of Life - psychology Schizophrenia Schizophrenia - diagnosis Schizophrenia - drug therapy Schizophrenic Psychology Social Adjustment subjective quality of life Mood disorder Human Cognitive disorder Schizophrenia Depression depressive and negative symptoms Subjective evaluation Quality of life Psychosis Symptomatology Negative symptom objective quality of life Objectivity subjectivity Predictive factor cognitive dysfunction subjective quality of life
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Summary:	Aim: In recent years, greater attention has been given to quality of life (QOL) in schizophrenia and several studies reported that negative and depressive symptoms and cognitive dysfunction are related to patient QOL. But because a variety of QOL measures have been used in the previous studies, there seems to be no unanimous predictors for subjective and objective QOL. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the relationship between clinical variables and subjective and objective QOL in outpatients with schizophrenia, using schizophrenia disease‐specific QOL measures. Particular attention was paid to cognitive function as a predictor of QOL. Methods: Schizophrenia symptoms of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were divided into five factors: positive factor, negative factor, cognitive factor, emotional discomfort, and hostility. The study sample consisted of 84 schizophrenia outpatients. Subjective and objective QOL were assessed with Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) and the Quality of Life Scale (QLS), respectively. Results: Subjective QOL correlated significantly with emotional discomfort, positive factor, negative factor, extrapyramidal symptoms and cognitive factor, while objective QOL correlated with negative factor, cognitive factor, emotional discomfort, extrapyramidal symptoms, and dose of antipsychotics. Total score and three of four subscales in the QLS correlated significantly with cognitive factor, while cognitive factor had a significant correlation with only one of three scales of SQLS. Stepwise regression showed that subjective QOL was significantly predicted by emotional discomfort and extrapyramidal symptoms, while negative factor was the most important predictor of objective QOL. Conclusion: Cognitive dysfunction had a greater influence on objective QOL than subjective QOL. Treating depressive and negative symptoms and extrapyramidal symptoms might contribute to enhanced subjective and objective QOL.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	1323-1316 1440-1819
DOI:	10.1111/j.1440-1819.2008.01818.x