Search Results - "Null, Clair"

The implications of three major new trials for the effect of water, sanitation and hygiene on childhood diarrhea and stunting: a consensus statement by Cumming, Oliver, Arnold, Benjamin F, Ban, Radu, Clasen, Thomas, Esteves Mills, Joanna, Freeman, Matthew C, Gordon, Bruce, Guiteras, Raymond, Howard, Guy, Hunter, Paul R, Johnston, Richard B, Pickering, Amy J, Prendergast, Andrew J, Prüss-Ustün, Annette, Rosenboom, Jan Willem, Spears, Dean, Sundberg, Shelly, Wolf, Jennyfer, Null, Clair, Luby, Stephen P, Humphrey, Jean H, Colford, Jr, John M

“…Three large new trials of unprecedented scale and cost, which included novel factorial designs, have found no effect of basic water, sanitation and hygiene…”
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The WASH Benefits and SHINE trials: interpretation of WASH intervention effects on linear growth and diarrhoea by Pickering, Amy J, Null, Clair, Winch, Peter J, Mangwadu, Goldberg, Arnold, Benjamin F, Prendergast, Andrew J, Njenga, Sammy M, Rahman, Mahbubur, Ntozini, Robert, Benjamin-Chung, Jade, Stewart, Christine P, Huda, Tarique M N, Moulton, Lawrence H, Colford, John M, Luby, Stephen P, Humphrey, Jean H

“…Child stunting is a global problem and is only modestly responsive to dietary interventions. Numerous observational studies have shown that water quality,…”
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Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea and child growth in rural Bangladesh: a cluster randomised controlled trial by Luby, Stephen P, Rahman, Mahbubur, Arnold, Benjamin F, Unicomb, Leanne, Ashraf, Sania, Winch, Peter J, Stewart, Christine P, Begum, Farzana, Hussain, Faruqe, Benjamin-Chung, Jade, Leontsini, Elli, Naser, Abu M, Parvez, Sarker M, Hubbard, Alan E, Lin, Audrie, Nizame, Fosiul A, Jannat, Kaniz, Ercumen, Ayse, Ram, Pavani K, Das, Kishor K, Abedin, Jaynal, Clasen, Thomas F, Dewey, Kathryn G, Fernald, Lia C, Null, Clair, Ahmed, Tahmeed, Colford, John M

“…Diarrhoea and growth faltering in early childhood are associated with subsequent adverse outcomes. We aimed to assess whether water quality, sanitation, and…”
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Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea and child growth in rural Kenya: a cluster-randomised controlled trial by Null, Clair, Stewart, Christine P, Pickering, Amy J, Dentz, Holly N, Arnold, Benjamin F, Arnold, Charles D, Benjamin-Chung, Jade, Clasen, Thomas, Dewey, Kathryn G, Fernald, Lia C H, Hubbard, Alan E, Kariger, Patricia, Lin, Audrie, Luby, Stephen P, Mertens, Andrew, Njenga, Sammy M, Nyambane, Geoffrey, Ram, Pavani K, Colford, John M

“…Poor nutrition and exposure to faecal contamination are associated with diarrhoea and growth faltering, both of which have long-term consequences for child…”
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A cluster randomized controlled trial of a community‐based initiative to reduce stunting in rural Indonesia by Beatty, Amanda, Borkum, Evan, Leith, William, Null, Clair, Suriastini, Wayan

“…We evaluate the impacts of a $120 million project in Indonesia conducted between 2014 and 2018 that sought to reduce stunting through a combination of (1)…”
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Being surveyed can change later behavior and related parameter estimates by Zwane, Alix Peterson, Zinman, Jonathan, Van Dusen, Eric, Pariente, William, Null, Clair, Miguel, Edward, Kremer, Michael, Karlan, Dean S., Hornbeck, Richard, Giné, Xavier, Duflo, Esther, Devoto, Florencia, Crepon, Bruno, Banerjee, Abhijit, Maskin, Eric S.

“…Does completing a household survey change the later behavior of those surveyed? In three field studies of health and two of microlending, we randomly assigned…”
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The SaniPath Exposure Assessment Tool: A quantitative approach for assessing exposure to fecal contamination through multiple pathways in low resource urban settlements by Raj, Suraja J, Wang, Yuke, Yakubu, Habib, Robb, Katharine, Siesel, Casey, Green, Jamie, Kirby, Amy, Mairinger, Wolfgang, Michiel, James, Null, Clair, Perez, Eddy, Roguski, Katherine, Moe, Christine L

“…Inadequate sanitation can lead to exposure to fecal contamination through multiple environmental pathways and can result in adverse health outcomes. By…”
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Effect of a sanitation intervention on soil-transmitted helminth prevalence and concentration in household soil: A cluster-randomized controlled trial and risk factor analysis by Steinbaum, Lauren, Mboya, John, Mahoney, Ryan, Njenga, Sammy M, Null, Clair, Pickering, Amy J

“…Improved sanitation has been associated with a reduced prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection and has been hypothesized to prevent fecal…”
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Effects of single and integrated water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition interventions on child soil-transmitted helminth and Giardia infections: A cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Kenya by Pickering, Amy J, Njenga, Sammy M, Steinbaum, Lauren, Swarthout, Jenna, Lin, Audrie, Arnold, Benjamin F, Stewart, Christine P, Dentz, Holly N, Mureithi, MaryAnne, Chieng, Benard, Wolfe, Marlene, Mahoney, Ryan, Kihara, Jimmy, Byrd, Kendra, Rao, Gouthami, Meerkerk, Theodora, Cheruiyot, Priscah, Papaiakovou, Marina, Pilotte, Nils, Williams, Steven A, Colford, Jr, John M, Null, Clair

“…Helminth and protozoan infections affect more than 1 billion children globally. Improving water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition could be more…”
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Geographic pair matching in large-scale cluster randomized trials by Arnold, Benjamin F., Rerolle, Francois, Tedijanto, Christine, Njenga, Sammy M., Rahman, Mahbubur, Ercumen, Ayse, Mertens, Andrew, Pickering, Amy J., Lin, Audrie, Arnold, Charles D., Das, Kishor, Stewart, Christine P., Null, Clair, Luby, Stephen P., Colford, John M., Hubbard, Alan E., Benjamin-Chung, Jade

“…Cluster randomized trials are often used to study large-scale public health interventions. In large trials, even small improvements in statistical efficiency…”
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Soil-Transmitted Helminth Eggs Are Present in Soil at Multiple Locations within Households in Rural Kenya by Steinbaum, Lauren, Njenga, Sammy M, Kihara, Jimmy, Boehm, Alexandria B, Davis, Jennifer, Null, Clair, Pickering, Amy J

“…Almost one-quarter of the world's population is infected with soil-transmitted helminths (STH). We conducted a study to determine the prevalence and location…”
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Effect of an equipment-behavior change intervention on handwashing behavior among primary school children in Kenya: the Povu Poa school pilot study by Wichaidit, Wit, Steinacher, Rachel, Okal, Jemima Akinyi, Whinnery, Jaynie, Null, Clair, Kordas, Katarzyna, Yu, Jihnhee, Pickering, Amy J, Ram, Pavani K

“…Handwashing prevalence in schools in Kenya is low due to lack of access to water and soap and lack of drive for handwashing. Soapy water made from detergent…”
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Vitamin B-12 Concentrations in Breast Milk Are Low and Are Not Associated with Reported Household Hunger, Recent Animal-Source Food, or Vitamin B-12 Intake in Women in Rural Kenya by Williams, Anne M, Chantry, Caroline J, Young, Sera L, Achando, Beryl S, Allen, Lindsay H, Arnold, Benjamin F, Colford, Jr, John M, Dentz, Holly N, Hampel, Daniela, Kiprotich, Marion C, Lin, Audrie, Null, Clair A, Nyambane, Geoffrey M, Shahab-Ferdows, Setti, Stewart, Christine P

“…Breast milk vitamin B-12 concentration may be inadequate in regions in which animal-source food consumption is low or infrequent. Vitamin B-12 deficiency…”
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Infant Serum and Maternal Milk Vitamin B-12 Are Positively Correlated in Kenyan Infant-Mother Dyads at 1-6 Months Postpartum, Irrespective of Infant Feeding Practice by Williams, Anne M, Stewart, Christine P, Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh, Hampel, Daniela, Kiprotich, Marion, Achando, Beryl, Lin, Audrie, Null, Clair A, Allen, Lindsay H, Chantry, Caroline J

“…Vitamin B-12 is an essential nutrient required for many functions including DNA synthesis, erythropoiesis, and brain development. If maternal milk vitamin B-12…”
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Disposing of children's diapers with solid waste: a global concern? by REESE, HEATHER, ALMAN, BREANNA, NULL, CLAIR

“…Use of a disposable diaper for children's faeces, a common practice in many developed countries, is likely to become more common in developing countries as…”
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Quantification of exposure to fecal contamination in open drains in four neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana by Gretsch, Stephanie R, Ampofo, Joseph A, Baker, Kelly K, Clennon, Julie, Null, Clair A, Peprah, Dorothy, Reese, Heather, Robb, Katharine, Teunis, Peter, Wellington, Nii, Yakubu, Habib, Moe, Christine L

“…In low-income countries, rapid urbanization adds pressure to already stressed water and sanitation systems that are critical to the health of communities…”
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Marketing Household Water Treatment: Willingness to Pay Results from an Experiment in Rural Kenya by Blum, Annalise G, Null, Clair, Hoffmann, Vivian

“…Despite increasing availability of household water treatment products, demand in developing countries remains low. Willingness to pay for water treatment…”
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Assessment of Fecal Exposure Pathways in Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana: Rationale, Design, Methods, and Key Findings of the SaniPath Study by Robb, Katharine, Null, Clair, Teunis, Peter, Yakubu, Habib, Armah, George, Moe, Christine L

“…Rapid urbanization has contributed to an urban sanitation crisis in low-income countries. Residents in low-income, urban neighborhoods often have poor…”
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Effects of High Temperature and Heavy Precipitation on Drinking Water Quality and Child Hand Contamination Levels in Rural Kenya by Powers, Julie E., Mureithi, Maryanne, Mboya, John, Campolo, Jake, Swarthout, Jenna M., Pajka, Joseph, Null, Clair, Pickering, Amy J.

“…Climate change may impact human health through the influence of weather on environmental transmission of diarrhea. Previous studies have found that high…”
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The Lancet Commission on water, sanitation and hygiene, and health by Amebelu, Argaw, Ban, Radu, Bhagwan, Jay, brown, Joe, Chilengi, Roma, Chandler, Clare, Colford, John Matthew, Cumming, Oliver, Curtis, Valerie, Evans, Barbara Elvy, Freeman, Matthew Charles, Guiteras, Raymond, Howard, Guy, Humphrey, Jean, Kang, Gagandeep, Kulabako, Robinah, Lanata, Claudio Franco, Montgomery, Maggie Ann, Pickering, Amy Janel, Null, Clair, Wolf, Jennyfer

“…[...]interventions often demand a large investment of time and financial resources from those least able to bear the costs, and underestimate or overlook the…”
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