Plant sterol intakes and colorectal cancer risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer

Plant sterols in vegetable foods might prevent colorectal cancer. The objective was to study plant sterol intakes in relation to colorectal cancer risk in an epidemiologic study. The study was performed within the framework of the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer in 120852 subjects who co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 74; no. 1; pp. 141 - 148
Main Authors:	Normén, A L, Brants, H A, Voorrips, L E, Andersson, H A, van den Brandt, P A, Goldbohm, R A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc 01-07-2001
Subjects:	Aged Bread - analysis Case-Control Studies Cholesterol - administration & dosage Cholesterol - analogs & derivatives Cohort Studies Colorectal cancer Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology Colorectal Neoplasms - etiology Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) Diet Dietary Fats - analysis Female Flowers & plants Follow-Up Studies Fruit - chemistry Health risk assessment Humans Hypolipidemic Agents - administration & dosage Male Middle Aged Netherlands - epidemiology Phytosterols - administration & dosage Prospective Studies Rectal Neoplasms - epidemiology Rectal Neoplasms - etiology Rectal Neoplasms - prevention & control Risk Factors Sitosterols - administration & dosage Stigmasterol - administration & dosage Surveys and Questionnaires Vegetables - chemistry Netherlands
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Summary:	Plant sterols in vegetable foods might prevent colorectal cancer. The objective was to study plant sterol intakes in relation to colorectal cancer risk in an epidemiologic study. The study was performed within the framework of the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer in 120852 subjects who completed a baseline questionnaire in 1986. After 6.3 y of follow-up, 620 colon and 344 rectal cancer cases were detected. A case-cohort approach was used to calculate confounder-adjusted rate ratios (RRs) and their 95% CIs for quintiles of plant sterol intake. The total mean (+/-SD) intake of campesterol, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, campestanol, and beta-sitostanol was 285 +/- 97 mg/d. Major contributors to plant sterol intake were bread (38%), vegetable fats (26%), and fruit and vegetables (21%). For men, there was no clear association between intake of any of the plant sterols and colon cancer risk when age, smoking, alcohol use, family history of colorectal cancer, education level, and cholecystectomy were controlled for. Adjustment for energy did not alter the result. For rectal cancer, adjustment for energy resulted in positive associations between risk and campesterol and stigmasterol intakes. For women, there was no clear association between intake of any of the plant sterols and colorectal cancer risk. A high dietary intake of plant sterols was not associated with a lower risk of colon and rectal cancers in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0002-9165 1938-3207
DOI:	10.1093/ajcn/74.1.141