Neuroprotective Effects of Chalcones from Myracrodruon urundeuva on 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Cytotoxicity in Rat Mesencephalic Cells

In the present work, we showed that a chalcone-enriched fraction (CEF) isolated from the stem bark of a Brazilian medicinal plant, Myracrodruon urundeuva , presents neuroprotective actions on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neuronal cell death, in rat mesencephalic cells. In the MTT [3-(4,5-dimet...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Neurochemical research Vol. 34; no. 6; pp. 1066 - 1075
Main Authors:	Nobre-Júnior, Hélio V., Oliveira, Ricardo A., Maia, Flavio D., Nogueira, Marcelle A. S., de Moraes, Manoel Odorico, Bandeira, Mary Anne M., Andrade, Geanne M., Viana, Glauce S. B.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Boston Springer US 01-06-2009 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Anacardiaceae Animals Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cell Biology Cell Death - drug effects Cells, Cultured Chalcones - pharmacology Cytotoxins - toxicity Dopamine - metabolism Immunohistochemistry Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects Mesencephalon - cytology Neurochemistry Neurology Neurons - cytology Neurons - drug effects Neurons - metabolism Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology Neurosciences Nitrites - metabolism Original Paper Oxidative Stress Oxidopamine - toxicity Rats Rats, Wistar Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase - metabolism Neuroprotection Oxidative stress Chalcones 6-Hydroxydopamine Apoptosis
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Summary:	In the present work, we showed that a chalcone-enriched fraction (CEF) isolated from the stem bark of a Brazilian medicinal plant, Myracrodruon urundeuva , presents neuroprotective actions on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neuronal cell death, in rat mesencephalic cells. In the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium] assay, which is an index of cell viability, CEF (1–100 μg/ml) reversed in a concentration-dependent manner the 6-OHDA-induced cell death. While cells exposed to 6-OHDA (40 μM) showed an increased concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the pretreatment with CEF (10–100 μg/ml) significantly decreased the 6-OHDA-induced TBARS formation, indicative of a neuroprotection against lipoperoxidation. Furthermore, the drastic increase of nitrite levels induced by 6-OHDA, indicative of nitric oxide formation and free radicals production, was prevented by CEF. Double staining with acridine orange/ethidium bromide showed that cultures exposed to 6-OHDA (40 and 200 μM) presented an increase of apoptotic and necrotic cell numbers in a concentration-dependent manner. CEF (100 μg/ml) protected cells from apoptosis and necrosis and increased number of cells presenting a normal morphology. The immunohistochemical analysis for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive neurons indicated that 6-OHDA (40 and 200 μM) caused a concentration-dependent loss of TH+ and TH− neurons. CEF protected both cells types from 6-OHDA-induced cell death. All together, our results demonstrated neuroprotective effects of chalcones, which are able to reduce oxidative stress and apoptotic injury caused by 6-OHDA. Our findings suggest that chalcones could provide benefits, along with other therapies, in neurodegenerative injuries, such as Parkinson’s disease.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0364-3190 1573-6903
DOI:	10.1007/s11064-008-9876-5