Differential responses of white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue to caloric restriction in rats

► The remodeling of white and brown adipose tissues of CR rats was examined. ► CR affected mitochondrial function of both adipose tissues differentially. ► We suggest that both adipose tissues cooperate to use energy effectively in CR animals. Caloric restriction (CR) slows the aging process and ext...

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Published in:	Mechanisms of ageing and development Vol. 133; no. 5; pp. 255 - 266
Main Authors:	Okita, Naoyuki, Hayashida, Yusuke, Kojima, Yumiko, Fukushima, Mayumi, Yuguchi, Keiko, Mikami, Kentaro, Yamauchi, Akiko, Watanabe, Kyoko, Noguchi, Mituru, Nakamura, Megumi, Toda, Toshifusa, Higami, Yoshikazu
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01-05-2012 Elsevier
Subjects:	Adipose tissue Adipose Tissue, Brown - metabolism Adipose Tissue, White - metabolism Animals Biological and medical sciences Caloric Restriction Development. Metamorphosis. Moult. Ageing Down-Regulation Energy Metabolism - physiology Fatty acid biosynthesis Fatty Acids - biosynthesis Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Male Mitochondria - metabolism Mitochondrial biogenesis Proteome Proteome analysis Rats Rats, Wistar Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems Adipose tissue Mitochondrial biogenesis Fatty acid biosynthesis Caloric restriction Proteome analysis Senescence White adipose tissue Rat Rodentia Lipids Brown adipose tissue Biosynthesis Fatty acids Vertebrata Mitochondria Mammalia
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Summary:	► The remodeling of white and brown adipose tissues of CR rats was examined. ► CR affected mitochondrial function of both adipose tissues differentially. ► We suggest that both adipose tissues cooperate to use energy effectively in CR animals. Caloric restriction (CR) slows the aging process and extends longevity, but the exact underlying mechanisms remain debatable. It has recently been suggested that the beneficial action of CR may be mediated in part by adipose tissue remodeling. Mammals have two types of adipose tissue: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). In this study, proteome analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with MALDI-TOF MS, and subsequent analyses were performed on both WAT and BAT from 9-month-old male rats fed ad libitum or subjected to CR for 6 months. Our findings suggest that CR activates mitochondrial energy metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis in WAT. It is likely that in CR animals WAT functions as an energy transducer from glucose to energy-dense lipid. In contrast, in BAT CR either had no effect on, or down-regulated, the mitochondrial electron transport chain, but enhanced fatty acid biosynthesis. This suggests that in CR animals BAT may change its function from an energy consuming system to an energy reservoir system. Based on our findings, we conclude that WAT and BAT cooperate to use energy effectively via a differential response of mitochondrial function to CR.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0047-6374 1872-6216
DOI:	10.1016/j.mad.2012.02.003