Immune responses to a single dose of the AZD1222/Covishield vaccine in health care workers

Several COVID-19 vaccines have received emergency approval. Here we assess the immunogenicity of a single dose of the AZD1222 vaccine, at one month, in a cohort of health care workers (HCWs) (629 naïve and 26 previously infected). 93.4% of naïve HCWs seroconverted, irrespective of age and gender. Ha...

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Published in:	Nature communications Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 4617
Main Authors:	Jeewandara, Chandima, Kamaladasa, Achala, Pushpakumara, Pradeep Darshana, Jayathilaka, Deshni, Aberathna, Inoka Sepali, Danasekara, Danasekara Rallage Saubhagya Rasikangani, Guruge, Dinuka, Ranasinghe, Thushali, Dayarathna, Shashika, Pathmanathan, Thilagaraj, Somathilake, Gayasha, Deshan Madhusanka, Panambara Arachchige, Ramu, Shyrar Tanussiya, Pramanayagam Jayadas, Tibutius Thanesh, Kuruppu, Heshan, Wijesinghe, Ayesha, Thashmi Nimasha, Herath Mudiyanselage, Milroy, Dushantha, Nandasena, Achini Anuja, Nilanka Sanjeewani, Poththawela Kankanam Gamage, Wijayamuni, Ruwan, Samaraweera, Sudath, Schimanski, Lisa, Tan, T. K., Dong, Tao, Ogg, Graham S., Townsend, Alain, Malavige, Gathsaurie Neelika
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 29-07-2021 Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio
Subjects:	13/106 13/21 631/250/2152 631/326/590 631/326/596/4130 692/1537 82/1 ACE2 Adult Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Antibodies Antibodies, Neutralizing - biosynthesis Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology Blocking antibodies ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 COVID-19 COVID-19 - immunology COVID-19 - prevention & control COVID-19 - virology COVID-19 vaccines COVID-19 Vaccines - therapeutic use Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Female Gender Health care Health Personnel Hemagglutination Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Immunity Immunogenicity Lymphocytes Lymphocytes T Male Medical personnel Middle Aged multidisciplinary Neutralization SARS-CoV-2 - immunology SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification Science Science (multidisciplinary) Seroconversion Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Vaccines Viruses Young Adult γ-Interferon
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Summary:	Several COVID-19 vaccines have received emergency approval. Here we assess the immunogenicity of a single dose of the AZD1222 vaccine, at one month, in a cohort of health care workers (HCWs) (629 naïve and 26 previously infected). 93.4% of naïve HCWs seroconverted, irrespective of age and gender. Haemagglutination test for antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD), surrogate neutralization assay (sVNT) and ex vivo IFNγ ELISpot assays were carried out in a sub-cohort. ACE2 blocking antibodies (measured by sVNT) were detected in 67/69 (97.1%) of naïve HCWs. Antibody levels to the RBD of the wild-type virus were higher than to RBD of B.1.1.7, and titres to B.1.351 were very low. Ex vivo T cell responses were observed in 30.8% to 61.7% in naïve HCWs. Previously infected HCWs, developed significantly higher (p < 0.0001) ACE2 blocking antibodies and antibodies to the RBD for the variants B.1.1.7 and B.1.351. This study shows high seroconversion after one vaccine dose, but also suggests that one vaccine dose may be insufficient to protect against emerging variants. Here the authors show in a large cohort of healthcare workers that one dose of the AZD1222 vaccine seroconverts 92.9% of vaccinees, irrespective of age and gender, and results in high antibody titers to wild-type SARS-CoV-2 but only low titers to the B.1.351 variant.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2041-1723 2041-1723
DOI:	10.1038/s41467-021-24579-7