Lake water chemistry and local adaptation shape NaCl toxicity in Daphnia ambigua

Lake water chemistry and local adaptation shape NaCl toxicity in Daphnia ambigua

The increasing application of road deicing agents (e.g., NaCl) has caused widespread salinization of freshwater environments. Chronic exposure to toxic NaCl levels can impact freshwater biota at genome to ecosystem scales, yet the degree of harm caused by road salt pollution is likely to vary among...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Evolutionary applications Vol. 17; no. 3; pp. e13668 - n/a
Main Authors: Rogalski, Mary A., Baker, Elizabeth S., Benadon, Clara M., Tatgenhorst, Christoph, Nichols, Brady R.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-03-2024
Wiley
Subjects:
Adaptation
Calcium
Chemistry
Chloride
Chronic exposure
Contaminants
Daphnia
Daphnia ambigua
ecotoxicology
Freshwater ecosystems
Freshwater environments
freshwater salinization
Genomes
Immunological tolerance
Laboratories
Lakes
local adaptation
Organisms
Plankton
Pollution
road salt
Roads & highways
Salinity
Salinization
Salt
Sodium chloride
Toxicity
Water chemistry
water hardness
Water quality
United States > US
Daphnia
local adaptation
road salt
ecotoxicology
freshwater salinization
water hardness
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Summary:The increasing application of road deicing agents (e.g., NaCl) has caused widespread salinization of freshwater environments. Chronic exposure to toxic NaCl levels can impact freshwater biota at genome to ecosystem scales, yet the degree of harm caused by road salt pollution is likely to vary among habitats and populations. The background ion chemistry of freshwater environments may strongly impact NaCl toxicity, with greater harm occurring in ion‐poor, soft water conditions. In addition, populations exposed to salinization may evolve increased NaCl tolerance. Notably, if organisms are adapted to the water chemistry of their natal environment, toxicity responses may also vary among populations in a given test medium. We examined the potential for this evolutionary and environmental context to interact in shaping NaCl toxicity with a pair of laboratory reciprocal transplant toxicity experiments, using natural populations of the water flea Daphnia ambigua collected from three lakes that vary in ion availability and composition. We observed a strong effect of the lake water environment on NaCl toxicity in both trials. NaCl caused a much greater decline in reproduction and r in lake water from a low‐ion/calcium‐poor environment (20 μS/cm specific conductance; 1.7 mg/L Ca2+) compared with water from both a Ca2+‐rich lake (55 μS/cm; 7.2 mg/L Ca2+) and an ion‐rich coastal lake (420 μS/cm; 3.4 mg/L Ca2+). Daphnia from this coastal lake were most robust to the effects of NaCl on reproduction and r. A significant interaction between the population and lake water environment shaped survival in both trials, suggesting that local adaptation to the test waters used may have contributed to toxicity responses. Our findings that the lake water environment, adaptation to that environment, and adaptation to a contaminant of interest may shape toxicity demonstrate the importance of considering environmental and biological complexity in mitigating pollution impacts.
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ISSN:1752-4571
1752-4571
DOI:10.1111/eva.13668