A 10-Year Observational Study on Twin Pregnancy: Role of Fetal Sex Pairing on Obstetric Outcome

A 10-Year Observational Study on Twin Pregnancy: Role of Fetal Sex Pairing on Obstetric Outcome

Fetal sex contributes to the determination of obstetric outcome, as pregnancies carrying male babies seem to have an increased risk of maternal-fetal complications. Most studies have been conducted on singleton pregnancies, whereas less evidence is available for twins. A 10-year retrospective observ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Twin research and human genetics Vol. 26; no. 4-5; pp. 306 - 312
Main Authors: Vannuccini, Silvia, Bolzonella, Sara, Colucci, Chiara, Nicchi, Costanza, Strambi, Noemi, Di Tommaso, Mariarosaria
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01-08-2023
Subjects:
Apgar score
Birth weight
Body mass index
Cesarean section
Chi-square test
Childbirth & labor
Diabetes mellitus
Ethnicity
Females
Fetuses
Gallbladder diseases
Gestational age
Gestational diabetes
Hypertension
Males
Neonates
Observational studies
Obstetrics
Pregnancy
Pregnancy complications
Premature birth
Reproductive technologies
Sex determination
Statistical significance
Twins
Variance analysis
White people
Gestational diabetes
Gender pairing
Twin pregnancy
Fetal sex
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
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Summary:Fetal sex contributes to the determination of obstetric outcome, as pregnancies carrying male babies seem to have an increased risk of maternal-fetal complications. Most studies have been conducted on singleton pregnancies, whereas less evidence is available for twins. A 10-year retrospective observational study was conducted on a cohort of 1180 women with twin pregnancy delivered at a single tertiary hospital. Clinical data on maternal characteristics, and obstetric and neonatal outcomes were collected, and the analysis was performed on monochorionic (MC) and dichorionic (DC) diamniotic twins separately. The group of DC twins included 837 cases, and those conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART) were more likely to have one or both female fetuses rather than males. The incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) was higher in same-sex pairs than in opposite-sex pairs. No differences were found regarding other obstetric and neonatal outcomes among the three sex-pairing groups. The MC twins group included 228 cases, and in female-carrying pregnancies a higher incidence of gestational diabetes (GDM) was observed compared to the male group. Furthermore, male pairs had significantly lower Apgar scores than females. Fetal sex seems to have a mild effect in twins compared to singleton pregnancies, suggesting a more complex set of factors contributing to pregnancy outcome in multiple pregnancies. However, we observed a higher incidence of HDP among same-sex DC pairs, a higher rate of GDM among MC female-female pairs, and a worse adaptation to extrauterine life among male-male pairs in MC twins.
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ISSN:1832-4274
1839-2628
DOI:10.1017/thg.2023.38