Intestinal helminth infections in HIV-infected patients in Savannakhet after establishment of an HIV registration network in Lao People's Democratic Republic

In Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), which borders China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Myanmar, the number of HIV-infected patients has increased in recent years. HIV-infected patients diagnosed in Lao PDR are enrolled in a registration network and receive antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

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Published in:	Tropical medicine and health Vol. 47; no. 1; p. 14
Main Authors:	Kaneshiro, Yukako, Sourinphoumy, Khamphang, Imaizumi, Naoki, Rasaphon, Mangkhalar, Kuba-Miyara, Megumi, Sakihama, Shugo, Guerrero, Carmina Louise Hugo, Nhativong, Ketsaphone, Nonaka, Daisuke, Pongvongsa, Tiengkham, Kobayashi, Jun, Kounnavong, Sengchanh, Fukushima, Takuya
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Japan BioMed Central 11-02-2019 BMC
Subjects:	Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS Developing countries Helminth infections HIV Human immunodeficiency virus Human T cell leukemia virus type I Lao People’s Democratic Republic LDCs Parasites Parasitic diseases Registration network Brazil Vietnam Thailand Laos Lao People’s Democratic Republic Helminth infections Human immunodeficiency virus Registration network Human T cell leukemia virus type I
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Summary:	In Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), which borders China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Myanmar, the number of HIV-infected patients has increased in recent years. HIV-infected patients diagnosed in Lao PDR are enrolled in a registration network and receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) covered by governmental financial support. Based on the registration network, we investigated intestinal helminth infections and coinfection with HTLV-1 in HIV-infected patients treated with an early intervention using ART in Lao PDR. This cross-sectional study of all 252 HIV-infected patients at Savannakhet Provincial Hospital, located in the southern part of Lao PDR, was conducted between February and March 2018. Socioepidemiological information and clinical information were collected from a registration network database and by questionnaire administered to participants. Microscopic examination of intestinal helminth infections in stool samples and particle agglutination for anti-HTLV-1 antibody in plasma were performed. The median age of all 252 participants was 39 years old (range, 18-59). Based on the registration network database, there were 156 (61.9%) HIV-infected patients with a CD4-positive cell count ≥ 200 cells/μL and 146 (57.9%) with an HIV viral load < 250 copies/mL. Among 212 stool samples, 75 (35.4%) were found to contain one or more intestinal helminth species, including (16.5%), (10.8%), hookworm (10.4%), and (3.3%). This rate of intestinal helminth infections was lower than that of a previous report conducted before the establishment of the registration network for HIV-infected patients in Lao PDR. There was no significant association between intestinal helminth infections and a lower CD4-positive T cell count or higher HIV viral load. HIV-infected patients with anti-HTLV-1 antibody positivity were not found in this cohort. The registration network and an early intervention using ART may provide good medical care and improve the clinical course of HIV-infected patients in Lao PDR. However, the incidence of intestinal helminth infections remains high at 35.4%. The development of a specific medical care system for helminth infection for HIV-infected patients is necessary.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1348-8945 1349-4147 1349-4147
DOI:	10.1186/s41182-019-0142-0