Partially replacing sorghum silage with cactus (Opuntia stricta) cladodes in a soybean oil‐supplemented diet markedly increases trans‐11 18:1, cis‐9, trans‐11 CLA and 18:2 n‐6 contents in cow milk

Based on low 18:0 contents observed in milk fat of cows fed cactus cladodes (CC), we hypothesized that including Opuntia stricta cladodes in a soybean oil (SO)‐supplemented diet would promote incomplete rumen biohydrogenation of supplemental PUFA, leading to increased trans‐11 18:1 and cis‐9, trans‐...

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Published in:	Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition Vol. 105; no. 2; pp. 232 - 246
Main Authors:	Gama, Marco A. S., de Paula, Talita A., Véras, Antônia S. C., Guido, Sebastião I., Borges, Cristiano A. V., Antoniassi, Rosemar, Lopes, Fernando C. F., Neves, Maria L. M. W., Ferreira, Marcelo de A.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-03-2021
Subjects:	alternative feeds Animal fat cactus cladodes Chain branching Cow's milk Dairy cattle Desaturase Diet Enrichment Fatty acids Functional foods & nutraceuticals Isomers Milk milk fatty acids nutraceutical value Nutrients Oils & fats Opuntia stricta Polyunsaturated fatty acids ruminants Silage Sorghum Sorghum silage Soybean oil Soybeans Total mixed rations ruminants alternative feeds milk fatty acids cactus cladodes nutraceutical value
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Summary:	Based on low 18:0 contents observed in milk fat of cows fed cactus cladodes (CC), we hypothesized that including Opuntia stricta cladodes in a soybean oil (SO)‐supplemented diet would promote incomplete rumen biohydrogenation of supplemental PUFA, leading to increased trans‐11 18:1 and cis‐9, trans‐11 CLA contents in milk. Twelve Holstein cows were used in a two‐period study: (a) Baseline: all cows received a total mixed ration (TMR) composed of sorghum silage (SS) and a concentrate containing no SO for 14 days; (b) Treatment: cows received one of the following SO‐supplemented diets for 21 days: (1) SS‐TMR: a TMR composed of SS and a SO‐enriched concentrate, (2) CC‐TMR: a TMR containing CC as a partial substitute for SS plus the SO‐enriched concentrate, and (3) CC‐PMR: same diet as in treatment 2, but CC were mixed with the SO‐enriched concentrate and fed as a partial mixed ration (PMR). Both CC diets increased relative abundances of trans‐11 18:1, cis‐9, trans‐11 CLA, and 18:2 n‐6 in milk fat, whereas opposite effects were observed on 18:0 and cis‐9 18:1. Proportion of 18:2 n‐6 increased, and cis‐9, trans‐11 CLA tended to increase with CC‐PMR as compared to CC‐TMR, whereas 18:3 n‐3 was higher with CC‐PMR than with SS‐TMR. Proportions of several odd‐ and branched‐chain fatty acids, certain 18:1 isomers, and trans‐9, cis‐11 CLA changed with CC diets, notably with CC‐PMR. Milk yield and intake of most nutrients (except fibre) increased or tended to increase with the CC diets, whereas gross milk composition was unaltered. Stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐1 index for C18 (SCD18) was higher with CC‐PMR than with SS‐TMR, and milk n‐6:n‐3 FA ratio and apparent transfer of 18:2 n‐6 to milk increased with CC diets. These results indicate that Opuntia stricta cladodes can be a valuable feed ingredient for improving the nutraceutical value of milk fat.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0931-2439 1439-0396
DOI:	10.1111/jpn.13466