Abacavir Pharmacokinetics During Chronic Therapy in HIV-1-Infected Adolescents and Young Adults

The pharmacokinetics of abacavir and its metabolites were investigated in 30 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected adolescents and young adults 13–25 years of age, equally divided into two groups: <18 years of age and ≥18 years of age. All the subjects received the recommended adult dose of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Vol. 85; no. 4; pp. 394 - 401
Main Authors:	Sleasman, JW, Robbins, BL, Cross, SJ, Lindsey, JC, Kraimer, JM, Heckman, BE, Sprenger, HL, Tustin, NB, Rose, CH, Poston, PA, Neal, EF, Pakes, GE, Nikanjam, M, Capparelli, EV
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basingstoke Nature Publishing Group 01-04-2009
Subjects:	Adolescent Age Factors Biological and medical sciences Dideoxynucleosides - administration & dosage Dideoxynucleosides - pharmacokinetics Female HIV Infections - blood HIV Infections - drug therapy HIV-1 - drug effects Human viral diseases Humans Immunodeficiencies Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies Immunopathology Infectious diseases Male Medical sciences Pharmacology. Drug treatments Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids Young Adult Human Immunopathology Purine nucleoside Antiretroviral agent RNA-directed DNA polymerase Enzyme Transferases Enzyme inhibitor AIDS Immune deficiency Infection Nucleotidyltransferases Chronic Treatment Reverse transcriptase inhibitor Viral disease Abacavir Adolescent Young adult Nucleoside analog Antiviral Pharmacokinetics
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Summary:	The pharmacokinetics of abacavir and its metabolites were investigated in 30 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected adolescents and young adults 13–25 years of age, equally divided into two groups: <18 years of age and ≥18 years of age. All the subjects received the recommended adult dose of 300 mg twice daily. The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and half‐life of abacavir did not differ significantly between the age groups or by gender or race, and there were only modest associations of age with apparent abacavir clearance and with volume of distribution. There were no significant correlations of carboxylate or glucuronide metabolite levels with age or gender, although glucuronide AUC was higher in Hispanic subjects than in African‐American subjects. Zidovudine and lamivudine concentration profiles were also similar in the two age groups. A novel aspect of the study included an assessment of intracellular carbovir, zidovudine, and lamivudine triphosphate levels, and these were found to be similar in the two age‐based groups. Overall, these findings suggest that current recommendations relating to adult dosages are appropriate for adolescents and young adults. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2009); 85, 4, 394–401 doi:10.1038/clpt.2008.236
ISSN:	0009-9236 1532-6535
DOI:	10.1038/clpt.2008.236