Clinical comparison of HMPV and RSV infections in hospitalised Malaysian children: A propensity score matched study

Introduction Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are significant contributors to the burden of acute respiratory infections in children, but data on hMPV from Southeast Asia are limited despite its potential for serious disease. This study aimed to compare the clinical...

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Published in:	The clinical respiratory journal Vol. 18; no. 3; pp. e13747 - n/a
Main Authors:	Ng, David Chun‐Ern, Liew, Chuin‐Hen, Tan, Kah Kee, Awang, Elida Hanan binti, Nazri, Farah Nuruliayana binti Ahmad, Maran, Asuwani K. Tamil, Mohan, Vishnu Arvindran a/l Chandra, Ramachandran, Durairaaj, Chok, Michelle, Teh, Cheah Hooi, Mohamad Nor, Airena, Baharuddin, Suhaila bt, Khoo, Erwin Jiayuan
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-03-2024 John Wiley and Sons Inc Wiley
Subjects:	Adolescent Adrenal Cortex Hormones Adult Child hMPV Humans Infant Infections Metapneumovirus Original paediatric Paramyxoviridae Infections - diagnosis Paramyxoviridae Infections - epidemiology predictors Propensity Score Respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - diagnosis Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - epidemiology Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology Retrospective Studies RSV severity Steroids Young Adult Malaysia predictors severity hMPV RSV paediatric
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Summary:	Introduction Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are significant contributors to the burden of acute respiratory infections in children, but data on hMPV from Southeast Asia are limited despite its potential for serious disease. This study aimed to compare the clinical presentation, resource utilisation and outcomes between hMPV and RSV infections in hospitalised Malaysian children. Methods This retrospective, observational study included children aged ≤12 years old hospitalised with hMPV or RSV, confirmed via direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) methods, between 1 July to 30 October 2022 at Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar Seremban, Malaysia. Demographic, clinical presentation, resource utilisation and outcome data were analysed. Propensity score matching was used to balance cohorts based on key demographic and clinical characteristics. Results This study included 192 patients, comprising 112 with hMPV and 80 with RSV. hMPV patients were older (median age 20.5 vs. 9.4 months, p < 0.001) and had a higher incidence of comorbidities (24.1% vs. 7.5%, p = 0.003). Fever was more common in the hMPV group (97.3% vs. 73.8%, p < 0.001), but the other clinical manifestations were similar. Postmatching analysis showed higher corticosteroid use in the hMPV group (p = 0.01). No significant differences were observed in the use of other resources, PICU admissions, duration of hospitalisation or mortality rates between both groups. Conclusion hMPV and RSV infections in children share similar clinical manifestations and outcomes, with hMPV affecting older children and showing higher corticosteroid usage. These findings emphasise the need for equal clinical vigilance for both hMPV and RSV in paediatric respiratory infections. In this study comparing human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in hospitalised children, hMPV patients were older and exhibited more comorbidities and fever compared with RSV patients. Propensity score matching analysis indicated higher corticosteroid usage in hMPV cases. However, hospital resource utilisation and clinical outcomes were similar between both groups, underscoring the need for equal clinical vigilance for both viruses.
Bibliography:	Funding information This study is funded by the International Medical University grant number 584‐2023. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 Funding information This study is funded by the International Medical University grant number 584‐2023.
ISSN:	1752-6981 1752-699X
DOI:	10.1111/crj.13747