Integrated metabolic and genetic analysis reveals distinct features of human differentiated thyroid cancer
Background Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) affects thousands of lives worldwide each year. Typically, DTC is a treatable disease with a good prognosis. Yet, some patients are subjected to partial or total thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy to prevent local disease recurrence and metastasis. U...
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| Published in: | Clinical and translational medicine Vol. 13; no. 6; pp. e1298 - n/a |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
United States
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01-06-2023
John Wiley and Sons Inc Wiley |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Background
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) affects thousands of lives worldwide each year. Typically, DTC is a treatable disease with a good prognosis. Yet, some patients are subjected to partial or total thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy to prevent local disease recurrence and metastasis. Unfortunately, thyroidectomy and/or radioiodine therapy often worsen(s) quality of life and might be unnecessary in indolent DTC cases. On the other hand, the lack of biomarkers indicating a potential metastatic thyroid cancer imposes an additional challenge to managing and treating patients with this disease.
Aim
The presented clinical setting highlights the unmet need for a precise molecular diagnosis of DTC and potential metastatic disease, which should dictate appropriate therapy.
Materials and methods
In this article, we present a differential multi‐omics model approach, including metabolomics, genomics, and bioinformatic models, to distinguish normal glands from thyroid tumours. Additionally, we are proposing biomarkers that could indicate potential metastatic diseases in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), a sub‐class of DTC.
Results
Normal and tumour thyroid tissue from DTC patients had a distinct yet well‐defined metabolic profile with high levels of anabolic metabolites and/or other metabolites associated with the energy maintenance of tumour cells. The consistency of the DTC metabolic profile allowed us to build a bioinformatic classification model capable of clearly distinguishing normal from tumor thyroid tissues, which might help diagnose thyroid cancer. Moreover, based on PTC patient samples, our data suggest that elevated nuclear and mitochondrial DNA mutational burden, intra‐tumour heterogeneity, shortened telomere length, and altered metabolic profile reflect the potential for metastatic disease.
Discussion
Altogether, this work indicates that a differential and integrated multi‐omics approach might improve DTC management, perhaps preventing unnecessary thyroid gland removal and/or radioiodine therapy.
Conclusions
Well‐designed, prospective translational clinical trials will ultimately show the value of this integrated multi‐omics approach and early diagnosis of DTC and potential metastatic PTC.
Differentiated thyroid cancer presents a well‐defined metabolic profile that can be used for diagnosis and management.
Integrated metabolomics, genomics and cytopathologic analysis might indicate the metastatic potential of papillary thyroid cancer.
Papillary thyroid cancer presents high metabolic, transcriptional and immunogenic, but not genetic, intra‐tumour heterogeneity. |
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| Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| ISSN: | 2001-1326 2001-1326 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/ctm2.1298 |