Comparison of Wireless Continuous Axillary and Core Temperature Measurement after Major Surgery

Temperature is considered one of the primary vital signs for detection of complications such as infections. Continuous wireless real-time axillary temperature monitoring is technologically feasible at the general ward, but no clinical validation studies exist. This study compared axillary temperatur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 24; no. 14; p. 4469
Main Authors:	Nathansen, Anders Blom, Mølgaard, Jesper, Meyhoff, Christian Sylvest, Aasvang, Eske Kvanner
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 10-07-2024
Subjects:	Abdominal surgery Adult Aged Axilla axillary Bias Bladder Body Temperature - physiology Catheters Female fever Humans Hypothermia Intensive care Male Middle Aged Monitoring, Physiologic - methods Patients Pneumonia Pulmonary arteries Sensors Sepsis Signs Skin Temperature Thermometers Urinary Bladder - physiology Urinary Bladder - physiopathology Urinary Bladder - surgery validation Vital signs wireless monitoring Wireless Technology Minneapolis Minnesota United States > US temperature axillary fever vital signs wireless monitoring validation
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Summary:	Temperature is considered one of the primary vital signs for detection of complications such as infections. Continuous wireless real-time axillary temperature monitoring is technologically feasible at the general ward, but no clinical validation studies exist. This study compared axillary temperature with a urinary bladder thermometer in 40 major abdominal postoperative patients. The primary outcome was changes in axillary temperature registrations. Secondary outcomes were mean bias between the urinary bladder and the axillary temperatures. Intermittent frontal and tympanic temperature recordings were also collected. Forty patients were monitored for 50 min with an average core temperature of 36.8 °C. The mean bias was -1.0 °C (LoA -1.9 to -0) after 5 min, and -0.8 °C (LoA -1.6 to -0.1) after 10 min when comparing the axillary temperature with the urinary bladder temperature. After 20 min, the mean bias was -0.6 °C (LoA -1.3-0.1). During upper arm abduction, the axilla temperature was reduced to -1.6 °C (LoA -2.9 to -0.3) within 1 min. Temporal skin temperature measurement had a resulted in a mean bias of -0.1 °C (LOA -1.1 to -1.0) compared with central temperature. Compared with the mean tympanic temperature, it was -0.1 °C (LoA -0.9 to -1.0) lower than the urinay bladder temperature. Axillary temperature increased with time, reaching a mean bias of 1 °C between axillary and core temperature within 5 min. Opening the axillary resulted in rapidly lower temperature recordings. These findings may aid in use and designing corrections for continuous axillary temperature monitoring.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1424-8220 1424-8220
DOI:	10.3390/s24144469